Abstract
Nowadays, textile industries have severely polluted the ecosystem and water sources via disposal of highly thermo- and photo-stable dyes within the ecology that require practical strategies to remove them from nature. In studies, the photocatalytic disinfection technique has been shown to have widespread applications in indoor air, environmental health, detection, biological, biomedical, laboratory hospital, pharmaceutical food industry, plant safety, waste water, effluents disposal, and drinking water disinfection. Herein, the sodium polytungstate (SPT) polyoxometalate (POM) was synthesized through a multi-step production procedure and hence modified via employing a green protocol by using tartaric acid, glutamic acid, and kombucha solvent toward efficient and total complete removal of the highly toxic, stable, and carcinogenic auramine-O (AO) dye from aqueous media. In this regard, developed materials were well-characterized, and their photocatalysis performance for photodegradation of AO dye was examined. Achieved results showed that the optimum absorption conditions were achieved at pH of 5.0, 15 mg/L of AO concentration, 0.04 g of photocatalyst dosage, and 110 min irradiation time, where SPT and modified SPT via green protocol showed full desirability (desirability function (DF) index of 1) along with 71.75 and 100% removal percentage, respectively. Obtained results justified the superior photocatalytic role of the SPT POM and its derived nanocluster that can be used for the complete removal of highly stable dyes from aqueous media till reaching the drinking water standard.
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Soleiman Mosleh, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi, and Navid Omidifar: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, and funding acquisition.
Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi: Project administration, supervision, and investigation.
Sonia Bahrani and khadije yousefi: Writing-reviewing and editing, software, and investigation.
Seeram Ramakrishna, Lai Chin Wei, and Wei-Hung Chiang: Validation and investigation.
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Highlights
• Sodium polytungstate polyoxometalate synthesized through a newly designed method
• Sodium polytungstate modified through a green protocol
• The optimum absorption conditions for absorption of auramine-O dye was determined
• Resulting polyoxometalate nanocluster showed superior photocatalytic performance
• The auramine-O dye completely removed from the aqueous media
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Mousavi, S.M., Hashemi, S.A., Bahrani, S. et al. Hybrid of sodium polytungstate polyoxometalate supported by the green substrate for photocatalytic degradation of auramine-O dye. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 56055–56067 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19767-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19767-x