Abstract
Energy demand in the present scenario is rising to meet the increasing demands of energy usage. On the other hand, the use for renewable energy sources now becomes essential to mitigate the climate change as well as to reduce gradual depletion of fossil fuels. Among these renewable energy sources, solar energy particularly solar thermal systems have phenomenal scope in present and future research. In solar thermal systems, concentrators are used to extract the energy from solar irradiation and convert it into useful form. Among different types of solar concentrators, the parabolic dish solar concentrator is preferred as it has high efficiency, high power density, low maintenance, and potential for long durability. In this paper, a detailed review has been carried out on the design parameters like focal length, concentration ratio, and rim angle of the parabolic dish solar concentrator system for achieving higher overall efficiency. The effects of different geometrical shapes of receivers on the overall heat transfer rates are discussed in this paper. Conical shaped receiver is having high overall optical and thermal efficiency comparing with other shapes of receivers. This study also shows that how the thermal performance of the receiver gets enhanced by 10–13% using nanofluids in place of general heat transfer fluids. The paper highlights different models using ray-tracing method for estimation and evaluation of the solar irradiation distribution on the receiver surface. The empirical relations for the design of parabolic dish solar concentrator system are derived for estimating overall concentrator efficiency and heat available at the receiver are given in this review. From the literature, the thermal performance of the receiver affecting the overall performance of the system is observed. Thermal losses due to geometrical properties and ordination of the receiver are explained in the observation section.
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Abbreviations
- \(A\) :
-
Area, m2
- \(C\) :
-
Concentration ratio
- \(D\) :
-
Diameter, m
- \({d}_{f}\) :
-
Height of the receiver, m
- \(f\) :
-
Focal length, m
- \(g\) :
-
Gravitational constant, m/s2
- \(Gr\) :
-
Grashof number
- \(h\) :
-
Heat transfer coefficient, W/m2K
- \({I}_{s}\) :
-
Solar irradiation, W/m2
- \(k\) :
-
Thermal conductivity, W/mK
- \({N}_{RC}\) :
-
Radiation-conduction number
- \(Nu\) :
-
Nusselt number
- \(Pr\) :
-
Prandtl number
- \(Q\) :
-
Heat transfer rate, W
- \({Q}_{r}\) :
-
Solar heat available at receiver, W
- \({Q}_{l}\) :
-
Heat loss from cavity receiver, W
- \({Q}_{s}\) :
-
Solar heat available at concentrator, W
- \(R\) :
-
Thermal resistance, K/W
- \(Ra\) :
-
Raleigh number
- \(Re\) :
-
Reynolds number
- S:
-
Shape factor
- \(t\) :
-
Thickness, m
- \(T\) :
-
Temperature, K
- \({V}_{\text{wind}}\) :
-
Wind speed, m/s
- \({\alpha }_{c}\) :
-
Absoptivity
- \({\beta }^{l}\) :
-
Volumetric expansion coefficient
- \(\varepsilon\) :
-
Emissivity
- \(\eta\) :
-
Efficiency
- \(\theta\) :
-
Acceptance angle
- \(\mu\) :
-
Dynamic viscosity, Pa s
- \(\nu\) :
-
Kinematics viscosity, m2/s
- \(\rho\) :
-
Density, kg/m3
- \({\rho }_{c}\) :
-
Reflectivity
- \(\sigma\) :
-
Stefan Boltzmann constant, W/m2K4
- \(\tau\) :
-
Transmittance
- \(\phi\) :
-
Volume fraction
- \(a\) :
-
Air
- \(ad\) :
-
Addition
- \(amb\) :
-
Ambient
- \(ap\) :
-
Aperture
- \(con\) :
-
Concentrator
- \({\text{cond}}\) :
-
Conduction
- \(cov\) :
-
Convection
- \(D\) :
-
Diameter
- \(f\) :
-
Base fluid
- \({\text{forced}}\) :
-
Due to forced convection
- \(ins\) :
-
Insulation
- \({\text{natural}}\) :
-
Due to natural convection
- \(net\) :
-
Net
- \(nf\) :
-
Nanofluid
- \(np\) :
-
Nanoparticle
- \(o\) :
-
Optical
- \({\text{outer}}\) :
-
Outside of the receiver
- \(rec\) :
-
Receiver
- \(rim\) :
-
Rim
- \(s\) :
-
Surface
- \(\infty\) :
-
Environment
- PDSC :
-
Parabolic dish solar concentrator
- FEM :
-
Finite element method
- CFD:
-
Computational fluid dynamics
- ORC:
-
Organic Rankine cycle
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research and the University of Mosul for the facilities provided for the present research study.
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Kolli Harish Kumar: conceptualization and writing—original draft preparation. Ahmed M. Daabo: writing—review and editing. Malay K. Karmakar: writing—review and editing. Harish Hirani: visualization.
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Highlights
Illustrious review has been carried out on the parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system for achieving higher overall efficiency. The following points are discussed in details
1. Optimization criteria of geometrical and optical parameters for PDSC to enhance the efficiency.
2. Effects of different geometrical shapes of receiver on thermal performance of the receiver.
3. This study also includes that how the outlet temperatures at receiver get enhanced by use of nanofluids to maximize the overall efficiency.
4. The paper also highlights different models using ray-tracing method for estimation and evaluation of the solar irradiation distribution on the receiver surface.
5. The empirical relations are also derived for estimating overall concentrator efficiency and heat available at the receiver considering heat losses through conduction, convection, and radiation modes.
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Kumar, K.H., Daabo, A.M., Karmakar, M.K. et al. Solar parabolic dish collector for concentrated solar thermal systems: a review and recommendations. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 32335–32367 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18586-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18586-4