Abstract
Mangroves are one of the most productive ecosystems in the world harboring huge biological diversity. The prime ecological roles of mangroves are prevention of coastal erosion and shoreline protection. Mangroves face varying degrees of threats due to overexploitation, conversion of mangrove habitats for agriculture, settlement and industrial purposes, illegal encroachment, global warming, sea-level rise, El Nino, and pollution. Among them, microplastic (MP) pollution is a major concern threatening not only the mangroves per se but also the rich biodiversity that it shelters. In general, the microbial communities which are paramount to nutrient recycling and ecological dynamics undergo substantial changes upon MP exposure. If the MP pollution in the mangrove habitats continues unabated in the coming decades, there may be serious consequences on the already threatened mangrove ecosystems and the coastal communities. This review article attempts to consolidate MP pollution of mangrove wetlands, its impact on mangroves and associated microbiota, and the microbial solution for its remediation as a sustainable strategy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during the study are included in the published article(s) cited within the text and acknowledged in the reference sec.
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
References
Alarfaj AA, Mohammed A, Sholkamy EN, Munusamy MA (2015) Extraction and Characterization of polyhydroxybutyrates (PHB) from Bacillus thuringiensis KSADL127 isolated from mangrove environments of Saudi Arabia. Braz Arch Biol Technol 58:781–788. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-891320150500003
Alzubaidy H, Essack M, Malas TB et al (2016) Rhizosphere microbiome metagenomics of gray mangroves (Avicennia marina) in the Red Sea. Mar Genomics 576:626–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.032
Ameen F, Moslem M, Hadi S, Al-Sabri AE (2015) Biodegradation of low density polyethylene (LDPE) by mangrove fungi from the Red Sea Coast. Prog Rubber Plast Recycl Technol 31:125–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/147776061503100204
Andrady AL (2011) Microplastics in the marine environment. Mar Pollut Bull 62:1596–1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030
Auta HS, Emenike CU, Fauziah SH (2017) Screening of Bacillus strains isolated from mangrove ecosystems in Peninsular Malaysia for microplastic degradation. Environ Pollut 231:1552–1559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.043
Auta HS, Emenike CU, Jayanthi B, Fauziah SH (2018) Growth kinetics and biodeterioration of polypropylene microplastics by Bacillus sp. and Rhodococcus sp. isolated from mangrove sediment. Mar Pollut Bull 127:15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.036
Barasarathi J, Agamuthu P, Emenike CU, and Fauziah SH (2014) Microplastic abundance in selected mangrove forest in Malaysia. Proceedings of the ASEAN Conference on Science and Technology (Bogor, Indonesia)
Bhagwat G, Zhu Q, O’Connor W et al (2021) Exploring the composition and functions of plastic microbiome using whole-genome sequencing. Environ Sci Technol 55:4899–4913. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c07952
Blimkie T, Lee AHY, Hancock RE (2020) MetaBridge: an integrative multi-omics tool for metabolite−enzyme mapping. Curr Protoc Bioinform 70:e98. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpbi.98
Bollinger A, Thies S, Knieps-Grünhagen E, Gertzen C, Kobus S, Höppner A, Ferrer M, Gohlke H, Smits SHJ, Jaeger KE (2020) A novel polyester hydrolase from the marine bacterium Pseudomonas aestusnigri –structural and functional insights. Front Microbiol 11:114. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00114
Bouillon S, Dahdouh-Guebas F, Rao AVVS, Koedam N, Dehairs F (2003) Sources of organic carbon in mangrove sediments: variability and possible ecological implications. Hydrobiologia 495:33–39. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025411506526
Brooks AN, Turkarslan S, Beer KD et al (2011) Adaptation of cells to new environments. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med 3:544–561. https://doi.org/10.1002/wsbm.136
Chatterjee S, Roy B, Roy D, Banerjee R (2010) Enzyme-mediated biodegradation of heat treated commercial polyethylene by Staphylococcal species. Polym Degrad Stab 95:195–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.11.025
Chua SL, Sivakumar K, Rybtke M et al (2015) C-di-GMP regulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa stress response to tellurite during both planktonic and biofilm modes of growth. Sci Rep 5:10052. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10052
Cooper GM (2000) The cell: a molecular approach, 2nd edn. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, United States
Cordova MR, Ulumuddin YI, Purbonegoro T, Shiomoto A (2021) Characterization of microplastics in mangrove sediment of Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve. Indonesia Mar Pollut Bull 163:112012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112012
Da Costa AM, de Oliveira Lopes VR, Vidal L, Nicaud JM, de Castro AM, Coelho MAZ (2020) Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) degradation by Yarrowia lipolytica: investigations on cell growth, enzyme production and monomers consumption. -Process Biochem 95:81-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2020.04.001
Danso D, Chow J, Streit WR (2019) Plastics: environmental and biotechnologicalperspectives on microbial degradation. Appl Environ Microbiol 85(19):e01095-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01095-19
Deng P, Liu S, Nie X, Weining S, Wu L (2018) Conservation analysis of long non-coding RNAs in plants. Sci China Life Sci 61:190–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-017-9174-9
de Stephanis R, Giménez J, Carpinelli E et al (2013) As main meal for sperm whales: plastics debris. Mar Pollut Bull 69:206–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.033
Deng H, He J, Feng D et al (2021) Microplastics pollution in mangrove ecosystems: a critical review of current knowledge and future directions. Sci Total Environ 753:142041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142041
Deng J, Guo P, Zhang X et al (2020) Microplastics and accumulated heavy metals in restored mangrove wetland surface sediments at Jinjiang Estuary (Fujian, China). Mar Pollut Bull 159:111482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111482
Deshpande PC, Skaar C, Brattebø H, Fet AM (2020) Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method for assessing the sustainability of end-of-life alternatives for waste plastics: a case study of Norway. Sci Total Environ 719:137353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137353
Dong H, Chen Y, Wang J et al (2021) Interactions of microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes and their effects on the aquaculture environments. J Hazard Mater 403:123961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123961
Dou PC, Mai L, Bao LJ, Zeng EY (2021) Microplastics on beaches and mangrove sediments along the coast of South China. Mar Pollut Bull 172:112806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112806
Duan J, Han J, Cheung SG et al (2021) How mangrove plants affect microplastic distribution in sediments of coastal wetlands: case study in Shenzhen Bay South China. Sci Total Environ 767:144695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144695
Duke NC (1995) Genetic diversity, distributional barriers and rafting continents- more thoughts on the evolution of mangroves. In: Wong YS, Tam NFY (eds) Asia-Pacific symposium on mangrove ecosystems. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 106. Springer, Dordrecht. pp 167–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0289-6_21
Duke NC, Meynecke JO, Dittmann S et al (2007) A world without mangroves? Science 317:41–42. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.317.5834.41b
FAO (2007) The world’s mangroves 1980–2005. FAO. www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/880053ed-9752-5939-b242-35fd7603a2ba/. Accessed 14 Nov 2021
Feldberg B (2018) Macro implications of microplastics: a comparative study of microplastic distribution in Bahía Almirante, Bocas del Toro, Panama. Independant study project (ISP) collection. 2943 https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/232740798.pdf. Accessed 9 Jul 2021
Feller I, Lovelock C, Berger U, McKee KL, Joye SB, Ball MC (2010) Biocomplexity in mangrove ecosystems. Annu Rev Mar Sci 2:395–417. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163809
Flemming HC (1998) Relevance of biofilms for the biodeterioration of surfaces ofpolymeric materials. Polym Degrad Stab 59(1–3):309–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(97)00189-4
Friess DA (2016) Mangrove forests. Curr Biol 26:R746–R748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.04.004
Galgani F, Hanke G, Maes T (2015) Global distribution, composition and abundance of marine litter. In: Bergmann M, Gutow L, Klages M (eds) Marine Anthropogenic Litter. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 29–56
Ganesh K, Anjana K, Sujitha M et al (2020) Review on plastic wastes in marine environment – biodegradation and biotechnological solutions. Mar Pollut Bull 150:110733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110733
Garcés-Ordóñez O, Castillo-Olaya VA, Granados-Briceño AF et al (2019) Marine litter and microplastic pollution on mangrove soils of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean. Mar Pollut Bull 145:455–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.058
GESAMP (2015) Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: A global assessment. Rep stud GESAMP 90:1–96
Ghatge S, Yang Y, Ahn JH, Hur HG (2020) Biodegradation of polyethylene: a brief review. Appl Biol Chem 63:27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-020-00511-3
Gómez-Méndez L, Moreno D, Poutou-Piñales R et al (2018) Biodeterioration of plasma pretreated LDPE sheets by Pleurotusostreatus. PLoS One 13:e0203786. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203786
Govender J, Naidoo T, Rajkaran A, Cebekhulu S, Bhugeloo A, Sershen (2020) Towards characterising microplastic abundance, typology and retention in mangrove-dominated estuaries. Water 12:2802. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102802
Guan N, Liu L (2020) Microbial response to acid stress: mechanisms and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10226-1
Hall-Stoodley L, Costerton J, Stoodley P (2004) Bacterial biofilms: from the natural environment to infectious diseases. Nat Rev Microbiol 2:95–108. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro821
Hamid F, Jia W, Zakaria R (2020) Microplastics abundance and uptake by Meretrix lyrata (hard clam) in mangrove forest. J Eng Technol Sci 52:436–448
Hastuti A, Yulianda F, Wardiatno Y (2014) Spatial distribution of marine debris in mangrove ecosystem of Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wet 4:94–107. https://doi.org/10.13057/bonorowo/w040203
Herron J, King J, White D (1978) Recovery of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate from estuarine microflora. Appl Env Microbiol 35:251–257. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.35.2.251-257.1978
Holguin G, Vazquez P, Bashan Y (2001) The role of sediment microorganisms in the productivity, conservation, and rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems: an overview. Biol Fertil Soils 33:265–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740000319
Hong JW, Song HS, Moon YM et al (2019) Polyhydroxybutyrate production in halophilic marine bacteria Vibrio proteolyticus isolated from the Korean peninsula. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 42:603–610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-018-02066-6
Hossain MR, Jiang M, Wei Q, Leff LG (2019) Microplastic surface properties affect bacterial colonization in freshwater. J Basic Microbiol 59:54–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201800174
Huang Y, Xiao X, Effiong K et al (2021) New insights into the microplastic enrichment in the blue carbon ecosystem: evidence from seagrass meadows and mangrove forests in coastal South China Sea. Env Sci Technol 55:4804–4812. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c07289
Ibiene A, Stanley H, Immanuel O (2013) Biodegradation of polyethylene by Bacillus sp. indigenous to the Niger Delta mangrove swamp. Niger J Biotechnol 26:68–79
Iiyoshi Y, Tsutsumi Y, Nishida T (1998) Polyethylene degradation by lignin-degrading fungi and manganese peroxidase. J Wood Sci 44:222–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00521967
IUCN (2020) IUCN red list of threatened species. In: IUCN Red List Threat. Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org/. Accessed 9 Jul 2021
Jabloune R, Khalil M, Moussa IEB, Simao-Beaunoir AM, Lerat S, Brzezinski R, Beaulieu C (2020) Enzymatic degradation of p-nitrophenyl esters, polyethylene terephthalate, cutin, and suberin by Sub1, a suberinase encoded by the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies. Microbes Environ 35:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME19086
Jaiswal S, Sharma B, Shukla P (2020) Integrated approaches in microbial degradation of plastics. Environ Technol Inno 17:100567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100567
Jambeck JR, Geyer R, Wilcox C et al (2015) Marine pollution. Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science 347:768–771. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260352
Jeon H, Kim M (2012) Isolation of a thermophilic bacterium capable of low-molecular-weight polyethylene degradation. Biodegradation 24:89–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-012-9560-y
Jeong J, Choi J (2020) Development of AOP relevant to microplastics based on toxicity mechanisms of chemical additives using ToxCastTM and deep learning models combined approach. Environ Int 137:105557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105557
Kandasamy K, Bingham B (2001) Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems. Adv Mar Biol 40:81–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2881(01)40003-4
Kannahi M, Sudha P (2013) Screening of polythene and plastic degrading microbes from Muthupet mangrove soil. J Chem Pharm Res 5:122–127
Kathiresan K (2003) Polythene and plastics-degrading microbes from the mangrove soil. Rev Biol Trop 51:629–633
Khalid N, Aqeel M, Noman A (2020) Microplastics could be a threat to plants in terrestrial systems directly or indirectly. Environ Pollut 267:115653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115653
Khalid N, Aqeel M, Noman A et al (2021) Linking effects of microplastics to ecological impacts in marine environments. Chemosphere 264:128541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128541
Kim HR, Lee HM, Yu HC et al (2020) Biodegradation of Polystyrene by Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the gut of superworms (Larvae of Zophobas atratus). Environ Sci Technol 54:6987–6996. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c01495
Kim M, Kim C, Moon J et al (2017) Polymer film-based screening and isolation of polylactic acid (PLA)-degrading microorganisms. J Microbiol Biotechnol 27:342–349. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1610.10015
Koelmans AA, Gouin T, Thompson R, Wallace N, Arthur C (2014) Plastics in the marine environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 33:5–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2426
Kumar A, Anju T, Archa V, et al (2021) Mangrove forests: Distribution, species diversity, roles, threatsand conservation strategies In: Sharma S and Singh P (eds) Wetlands conservation: current challenges and future strategies. John wiley & Sons Ltd, New Jersey, pp 229–271. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119692621.ch12
Kumar S, Abdulla MH, Christi K (2007) Diversity and effectiveness of tropical mangrove soil microflora on the degradation of polythene carry bags. Rev Biol Trop 55:777–786. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v55i3-4.5954
Li J, Zhang H, Zhang K et al (2018) Characterization, source, and retention of microplastic in sandy beaches and mangrove wetlands of the Qinzhou Bay, China. Mar Pollut Bull 136:401–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.025
Li R, Yu L, Chai M et al (2020a) The distribution, characteristics and ecological risks of microplastics in the mangroves of Southern China. Sci Total Environ 708:135025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135025
Li R, Zhang L, Xue B, Wang Y (2019) Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the mangrove sediment of the semi-enclosed Maowei Sea of the south China sea: new implications for location, rhizosphere, and sediment compositions. Environ Pollut 244:685–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.089
Li R, Zhang S, Zhang L et al (2020b) Field study of the microplastic pollution in sea snails (Ellobium chinense) from mangrove forest and their relationships with microplastics in water/sediment located on the north of Beibu Gulf. Environ Pollut 263:114368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114368
Lin Y, Wu X, Feng S et al (2001) Five unique compounds: xyloketals from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the South China Sea coast. J Org Chem 66:6252–6256. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo015522r
Liu SY, Leung MM-L, Fang JK-H, Chua SL (2021) Engineering a microbial ‘trap and release’ mechanism for microplastics removal. Chem Eng J 404:127079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.127079
Lovelock CE, Cahoon DR, Friess DA et al (2015) The vulnerability of Indo-Pacific mangrove forests to sea-level rise. Nature 526:559–563. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15538
Loman N, Constantinidou C, Chan J et al (2012) High-throughput bacterial genome sequencing: an embarrassment of choice, a world of opportunity. Nat Rev Microbiol 10:599–606. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2850
Luo YY, Not C, Cannicci S (2021) Mangroves as unique but understudied traps for anthropogenic marine debris: a review of present information and the way forward. Environ Pollut 271:116291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116291
Maghsodian Z, Sanati AM, Ramavandi B, Ghasemi A, Sorial GA (2020) Microplastics accumulation in sediments and Periophthalmus waltoni fish, mangrove forests in southern Iran. Chemosphere 264:128543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128543
Maret W (2016) The metals in the biological periodic system of the elements: concepts and conjectures. Int J Mol Sci 17:66. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17010066
Maria GL, Raviraja NS, Sridhar K (2005) Antimicrobial and enzyme activity of mangrove endophytic fungi of southwest coast of India. Int J Agric Technol 1:67–80. http://ijat-aatsea.com/pdf/Maria_Sridhar%20page%2067-80.pdf
Meyer-Cifuentes IE, Werner J, Jehmlich N et al (2020) Synergistic biodegradation of aromatic-aliphatic copolyester plastic by a marine microbial consortium. Nat Commun 11:5790. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19583-2
Miao L, Wang P, Hou J et al (2019) Distinct community structure and microbial functions of biofilms colonizing microplastics. Sci Total Environ 650:2395–2402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.378
Mohamed Nor NH, Obbard JP (2014) Microplastics in Singapore’s coastal mangrove ecosystems. Mar Pollut Bull 79:278–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.025
Moorkoth D, Nampoothiri KM (2016) Production and characterization of poly(3-hydroxy butyrate-co-3 hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) by a novel halotolerant mangrove isolate. Bioresour Technol 201:253–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.046
Mostafa YS, Alrumman SA, Otaif KA et al (2020) Production and characterization of bioplastic by polyhydroxybutyrate accumulating Erythrobacter aquimaris isolated from mangrove rhizosphere. Molecules 25:179. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010179
Nabizadeh R, Sajadi M, Rastkari N, Yaghmaeian K (2019) Microplastic pollution on the Persian Gulf shoreline: a case study of Bandar Abbas city, Hormozgan Province. Iran Mar Pollut Bull 145:536–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.048
Naji A, Esmaili Z, Khan FR (2017a) Plastic debris and microplastics along the beaches of the Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf. Mar Pollut Bull 114:1057–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.032
Naji A, Esmaili Z, Mason S, Vethaak A (2017b) The occurrence of microplastic contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf. Iran Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:20459–20468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9587-z
Naji A, Nuri M, Amiri P, Niyogi S (2019) Small microplastic particles (S-MPPs) in sediments of mangrove ecosystem on the northern coast of the Persian Gulf. Mar Pollut Bull 146:305–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.033
Nakajima-Kambe T, Onuma F, Akutsu Y, Nakahara T (1997) Determination of the polyester polyurethane breakdown products and distribution of the polyurethane degrading enzyme of Comamonas acidovorans strain TB-35. J Ferment Bioeng 83:456–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0922-338X(97)83000-0
Nakamiya K, Sakasita G, Ooi T, Kinoshita S (1997) Enzymatic degradation of polystyrene by hydroquinone peroxidase of Azotobacter beijerinckii HM121. J Ferment Bioeng 84:480–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0922-338X(97)82013-2
Nazarov PV, Reinsbach SE, Muller A, Nicot N, Philippidou D, Vallar L, Kreis S (2013) Interplay of microRNAs, transcription factors and target genes: linking dynamic expression changes to function. Nucleic Acids Res 41:2817–2831. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks1471
Neff H, Burger PH, Culleton BJ et al (2018) Izapa’s industrial hinterland: the eastern Soconusco mangrove zone during archaic and formative times. Anc Mesoam 29:395–411. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0956536118000299
NicAogáin K, O’Byrne CP (2016) The role of stress and stress adaptations in determining the fate of the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes in the food chain. Front Microbiol 7:1865. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01865
Oberbeckmann S, Labrenz M (2020) Marine microbial assemblages on microplastics: diversity, adaptation, and role in degradation. Annu Rev Mar Sci 12:209–232. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-010633
Oberbeckmann S, Löder M, Labrenz M (2015) Marine microplastic-associated biofilms - a review. Environ Chem 12:551–562. https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15069
Othman A, Abu Hasan H, Muhamad M, et al (2021) Microbial degradation of microplastics by enzymatic processes: a review. Environ Chem Lett 19:3057–3073. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01197-9
Owuor MA, Icely J, Newton A (2019) Community perceptions of the status and threats facing mangroves of Mida Creek, Kenya: implications for community based management. Ocean Coast Manag 175:172–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.03.027
Parida A, Jha B (2010) Salt tolerance mechanisms in mangroves: a review. Trees-Structure Funct 24:199–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-010-0417-x
Pillai N, Harilal CC (2018) Inventory on the diversity and distribution of mangroves from the coastal ecosystems of Kerala State, India. Int J Recent Sci Res 9:24002–24007. https://doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0902.1579
Rujnić-Sokele M, Pilipović A (2017) Challenges and opportunities of biodegradable plastics: a mini review. Waste Manag Res 35:132–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X16683272
Sangale M, Shahnawaz M, Ade A (2019) Potential of fungi isolated from the dumping sites mangrove rhizosphere soil to degrade polythene. Sci Rep 9:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41448-y
Sangeetha Devi R, Ramya R, Kannan K et al (2019) Investigation of biodegradation potentials of high density polyethylene degrading marine bacteria isolated from the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, India. Mar Pollut Bull 138:549–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.001
Sen N, Naskar K (2003) Algal flora of Sundarbans Mangal. Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, India
Shah AA, Hasan F, Hameed A, Ahmed S (2008) Biological degradation of plastics: a comprehensive review. Biotechnol Adv 26:246–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.12.005
Shah Z, Krumholz L, Aktas DF et al (2013) Degradation of polyester polyurethane by a newly isolated soil bacterium, Bacillus subtilis strain MZA-75. Biodegradation 24:865–877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-013-9634-5
Shen M, Zhu Y, Zhang Y et al (2019) Micro(nano)plastics: unignorable vectors for organisms. Mar Pollut Bull 139:328–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.004
Smith SDA (2012) Marine debris: a proximate threat to marine sustainability in Bootless Bay, Papua New Guinea. Mar Pollut Bull 64:1880–1883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.06.013
Spalding M, Kainuma M, Collins L (2010) World Atlas of Mangroves, 1st edn. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Suardy N, Abu Tahrim N, Ramli S (2020) Analysis and characterization of microplastic from personal care products and surface water in Bangi, Selangor. Sains Malays 49:2237–2249. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4909-21
Suyadi, Manullang CY (2020) Distribution of plastic debris pollution and its implications on mangrove vegetation. Mar Pollut Bull 160:111642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111642
Teeraphatpornchai T, Nakajima T, Shigeno-Akutsu Y et al (2003) Isolation and characterization of a bacterium that degrades various polyester-based biodegradable plastics. Biotechnol Lett 25:23–28. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021713711160
Thompson RC, Olsen Y, Mitchell RP et al (2004) Lost at sea: where is all the plastic? Science 304:838. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1094559
Tuson H, Weibel D (2013) Bacteria-surface interactions. Soft Matter 9:4368–4380. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3SM27705D
van Bijsterveldt CEJ, van Wesenbeeck BK, Ramadhani S et al (2021) Does plastic waste kill mangroves? A field experiment to assess the impact of macro plastics on mangrove growth, stress response and survival. Sci Total Environ 756:143826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143826
Vertommen MAME, Nierstrasz VA, van der Veer M, Warmoeskerken MMCG (2005) Enzymatic surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate). J Biotechnol 120:376–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.015
Wang WX (2016) Bioaccumulation and biomonitoring. In: Blasco J, Chapman PM, Campana O, Hampel M (eds) Marine Ecotoxicology: Current knowledge and future issues. Elsevier, New York, pp 99–119
Wei STS, Chen YL, Wu YW et al (2021) Integrated multi-omics investigations reveal the key role of synergistic microbial networks in removing plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from estuarine sediments. mSystems 6:e00358-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00358-21
Wilkes RA, Aristilde L (2017) Degradation and metabolism of synthetic plastics and associated products by Pseudomonas sp.: capabilities and challenges. J Appl Microbiol 123:582–593. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13472
Williams AT, Simmons SL (1996) The degradation of plastic litter in rivers: implications for beaches. J Coastal Conserv 2:63–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02743038
Winkel BSJ (2017) When an enzyme isn’t just an enzyme anymore. J Exp Bot 68:1387–1389. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erx080
Xie H, Chen J, Feng L et al (2021) Chemotaxis-selective colonization of mangrove rhizosphere microbes on nine different microplastics. Sci Total Environ 752:142223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142223
Yang J, Yang Y, Wu W et al (2014) Evidence of polyethylene biodegradation by bacterial strains from the guts of plastic-eating waxworms. Environ Sci Technol 48:13776–13784. https://doi.org/10.1021/es504038a
Yoon MG, Jeon HJ, Kim MN (2012) Biodegradation of polyethylene by a soil bacterium and AlkB cloned recombinant cell. J Bioremed Biodegrad 3:1–8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000145
Yoshida S, Hiraga K, Takehana T et al (2016) A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate). Science 351:1196. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad6359
Yu K, Yi S, Li B et al (2019) An integrated meta-omics approach reveals substrates involved in synergistic interactions in a bisphenol A (BPA)-degrading microbial community. Microbiome 7:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0634-5
Yuan J, Ma J, Sun Y et al (2020) Microbial degradation and other environmental aspects of microplastics/plastics. Sci Total Environ 715:136968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136968
Zettler ER, Mincer TJ, Amaral-Zettler LA (2013) Life in the “plastisphere”: microbial communities on plastic marine debris. Environ Sci Technol 47:7137–7146. https://doi.org/10.1021/es401288x
Zhang L, Zhang S, Guo J et al (2020) Dynamic distribution of microplastics in mangrove sediments in Beibu Gulf, South China: implications of tidal current velocity and tidal range. J Hazard Mater 399:122849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122849
Zhou Q, Tu C, Fu C et al (2020) Characteristics and distribution of microplastics in the coastal mangrove sediments of China. Sci Total Environ 703:134807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134807
Zuo L, Sun Y, Li H et al (2020) Microplastics in mangrove sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, South China: correlation with halogenated flame retardants’ levels. Sci Total Environ 725:138344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138344
Acknowledgements
A.K. gratefully acknowledges the funding support provided by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST) vide sanction order File No. EEQ/2019/000441 dated 2 December 2019, and the Central University of Kerala for extending other facilities. The authors gratefully acknowledge the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve this review.
Funding
The research on mangroves in the AK Lab is funded by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST) vide sanction order File No. EEQ/2019/000441 dated 2 December 2019.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
S.P.M.: data curation, analysis, writing, review, editing, figure drafting, M.B.: initial draft, review, editing; A.N.: analysis, review, figures; A.K.: conceptualization and supervision, initial draft, figure drafting, editing, analysis, critical comments, and validation. All authors gave final approval of the version to be published.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Robert Duran.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Meera, S.P., Bhattacharyya, M., Nizam, A. et al. A review on microplastic pollution in the mangrove wetlands and microbial strategies for its remediation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 4865–4879 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17451-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17451-0