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Separation and remediation of environmental pollutants using metal–organic framework-based tailored materials

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Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a polymer hybrid family of compounds comprising metal ions that have been deliberately incorporated in organic ligands to form several multi-dimensional structures with unique structural and functional attributes. They have the typical properties of brittleness, major porosity, and randomly crystalline. These three factors hampered their potential incorporation into modern technologies. However, with the discovery of their polymers, hope was rekindled. Polymers, unlike their counterparts, are versatile and malleable and can be tailored into solids with a wide range of technical applications. MOFs can be effectively incorporated into polymer structures, resulting in polymers with enhanced properties and increased demand, according to recent studies. This review focuses on the synthetic procedures of MOFs used to create hybrid materials, as well as their potential environmentally related applications. Desalination, hazardous heavy metal removal and mitigation, gas and liquid separations and purifications, and dye removal will all be extensively discussed as applications. To assemble this review, we will add insight from recent papers and discoveries, as well as seminal reports from experts on the advancement of MOF-polymers.

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Scheme 1
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Reproduced from Rao et al. (2017) with permission from American Chemical Society

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Fig. 9

Reproduced from Yao et al. (2019) with permission from American Chemical Society

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Abbreviations

MOF:

Metal–organic frameworks

HITP:

11-Hexaiminotriphenylene

BPP:

1,3-Bis(4-pyridyl)propane)

BPABDC:

2,5-Bis(phenylamino)-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid)

NB:

Nitrobenzene

DMF:

N, N-Dimethylformamide

DMA:

Dimethylacetamide

rGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

MB:

Methylene blue

ZIF-8:

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8

HKUST-1:

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-1

MIL-100:

Materials of Institut Lavoisier -100

BTC:

1, 3, 5-Benzene tricarboxylic acid

BET:

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller

UiO-66:

Universitetet i Oslo

TMU-7:

Tarbiat Modares University

MMM:

Mixed matrix membrane

BTC:

Benzene-1, 3, 5-tricarboxylate

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

6-FDA:

6-Fluoropropamine

BiBB:

Bromodiphenidate

ATRP:

Atom transfer radical polymerization

EG:

Ethylene glycol

IGCC:

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle

PSP:

Postsynthetic polymerization

PVA:

Poly(vinyl alcohol)

PVDF:

Polyvinylidene fluoride

PXRD:

Powder X-ray diffraction

ALD:

Atomic layer deposition

CWA:

Chemical warfare agent

MVTR:

Moisture vapor transport rate

DMNP:

Dimethyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphate

2-CEES:

2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide

DMMP:

Dimethyl methylphosphonate

DIFP:

Disopropylfluorophosphate

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

PAN:

Polyacrylonitrile

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support from the Key Laboratory for Special Resource Development and Medicinal Research in Jiangsu Province, project number LPRK202101. CONACYT is thankfully acknowledged for partially supporting this work under the SNI program awarded to Hafiz M.N. Iqbal (CVU: 735340).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China

    Walter Dzumbira, Nisar Ali, Chuansong Duanmu & Yong Yang

  2. Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

    Adnan Khan

  3. Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, KPK, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan

    Farman Ali

  4. School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, 223003, China

    Muhammad Bilal

  5. Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France

    Lotfi Aleya

  6. Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico

    Hafiz M. N. Iqbal

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  1. Walter Dzumbira
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  2. Nisar Ali
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  3. Chuansong Duanmu
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  4. Yong Yang
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  5. Adnan Khan
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  6. Farman Ali
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  7. Muhammad Bilal
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  8. Lotfi Aleya
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  9. Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
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Contributions

Nisar Ali, Muhammad Bilal, and Hafiz M.N. Iqbal conceptualized and set the review theme. Nisar Ali, Walter Dzumbira, Chuanson Duanmu, and Yong Yang performed an initial literature evaluation and screened the data as per the theme of the review. Nisar Ali, Adnan Khan, and Farman Ali compiled the literate draft and figures. Nisar Ali, Muhammad Bilal, Lotfi Aleya, and Hafiz M.N. Iqbal reviewed and edited the final manuscript and communicated the submission. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nisar Ali, Muhammad Bilal or Hafiz M. N. Iqbal.

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Dzumbira, W., Ali, N., Duanmu, C. et al. Separation and remediation of environmental pollutants using metal–organic framework-based tailored materials. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 4822–4842 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17446-x

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