Abstract
In this work, polymers containing a large number of benzene rings and multiple functional groups were designed to remove aromatic organic pollutants. Using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN) as a rigid crosslinking agent to crosslink different functionalized phenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin derivatives to prepare a series of porous multifunctional cyclodextrin (CD) polymerizations, including three preliminary polymerized adsorption materials and a mix β-cyclodextrin polymer (X-CDP) prepared via a secondary crosslinking procedure of the above three materials. The X-CDP preparation process connects the pre-formed nanoparticles and increases the presence of linkers inside the particles. At the same time, X-CDP exhibited porous structure with various functional groups such as nitro, chlorine, fluorine, and hydroxyl. Those special characteristics render this material with good adsorption ability towards various aromatic organic pollutants in water, including tetracycline, ibuprofen, dichlorophenol, norfloxacin, bisphenol A, and naphthol. Especially, the maximum adsorption capacity for tetracycline at equilibrium reached 110.56 mg·g−1, which is competitive with the adsorption capacities of other polysaccharide adsorbents. X-CDP removed organic contaminants much more quickly than other adsorbents, reaching almost ~95% of its equilibrium in only 30 s, and the rate constant reaches 2.32 g·mg−1·min−1. The main adsorption process of the pollutants by X-CDP fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm well, indicating that the adsorption process is monolayer adsorption. Moreover, X-CDP possessed the good reusability where the pollutant removal rate was only reduced 8.3% after five cycles. Such advantages render the polymer great potential in the rapid treatment of organic pollutants in water bodies.
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The data used in this research are available by the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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This work was financially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21922409) and Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (17JCYBJC20500).
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Yong Wang received support from the funding. Yong Wang and Xiaofei Ma conceived and designed the study. The participation of He Wang and Congzhi Liu includes data collection and analyzing the results. Congzhi Liu, He Wang, Xiaofei Ma, and Yong Wang interpreted and wrote the manuscript.
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Wang, H., Liu, C., Ma, X. et al. Porous multifunctional phenylcarbamoylated-β-cyclodextrin polymers for rapid removal of aromatic organic pollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 13893–13904 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16656-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16656-7