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Effects of agrochemicals on the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems

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Abstract

Conventional agriculture relies heavily on chemical pesticides and fertilizers to control plant pests and diseases and improve production. Nevertheless, the intensive and prolonged use of agrochemicals may have undesirable consequences on the structure, diversity, and activities of soil microbiomes, including the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems. Although literature continues to mount regarding the effects of these chemicals on the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems, our understanding of them is still limited, and a proper account is required. With the renewed efforts and focus on agricultural and environmental sustainability, understanding the effects of different agrochemicals on the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems is both urgent and important to deduce practical solutions towards agricultural sustainability. This review critically evaluates the effects of various agrochemicals on the structure, diversity, and functions of the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems and propounds on the prospects and general solutions that can be considered to realize sustainable agricultural systems. This can be useful in understanding the anthropogenic effects of common and constantly applied agrochemicals on symbiotic systems in agricultural soils and shed light on the need for more environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practices.

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Funding

The preparation of this manuscript was supported with funds from the African-German Network of Excellence in Science (AGNES), the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AvH).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya

    Becky Nancy Aloo

  2. Department of Sustainable Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania

    Ernest Rashid Mbega

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya

    Billy Amendi Makumba

  4. Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box, 7062, Kampala, Uganda

    John Baptist Tumuhairwe

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  1. Becky Nancy Aloo
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  2. Ernest Rashid Mbega
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  4. John Baptist Tumuhairwe
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conceptualization of the review. Literature search and data analysis were conducted by BNA, BAM, and ERM. The first draft of the manuscript was written by BNA, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. JBT critically reviewed the work, and all authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding acquisition was done by Becky Nancy Aloo.

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Aloo, B.N., Mbega, E.R., Makumba, B.A. et al. Effects of agrochemicals on the beneficial plant rhizobacteria in agricultural systems. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 60406–60424 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16191-5

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