Abstract
This present investigation emphasizes on pros and cons of humic acid (HA) on electrosorption behaviour and performance efficiency of capacitive deionization (CDI) process. Electrosorptive removal of HA was examined by lab scale CDI flow cell under 100 ppm Na2SO4 as a supporting electrolyte. In addition, the electrosorption capacitance and desalination performances were also evaluated through cyclic voltammetry studies. In this perspective, we employed the carbon-based electrodes such as chemically treated activated carbon cloth (ACC), carbon aerogel electrodes grade-I (CA-I) and carbon aerogel electrode grade-II (CA-II) with active surface area for 1 cm2 and 24 cm2 respectively. The specific capacitance values of 30, 23 and 10 F g-1 were achieved for ACC, CA-1 and CA-II with 100 ppm Na2SO4 and 10 ppm HA electrolyte solution. The experimental results substantiated that ACC electrode exhibited higher removal efficiency compared to other two carbon electrodes (CA-I and CA-II). Eventually, the electrosorption removal of natural organic matter HA was observed as 15% for CA-I, 30% for CA-II and 58% for ACC electrodes in a CDI flow cell.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the water Technology Initiative program, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi, for awarding financial grant (Ref. No. DST/TM/WTI/2k11/213(c)) and Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences for providing the lab facilities to carry out this present research work. Dr. Annadurai Thamilselvan thanks the Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for the award of National Postdoctoral Fellowship (PDF/2017/000564). We would also like to thank Mr. R. Jayakumar and Mr. A. Ruban for his support in fabricating the CDI flow cell system.
Funding
The authors received support from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi, for awarding financial grant (Ref. No. DST/TM/WTI/2k11/213(c)) and (PDF/2017/000564).
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Conception and design of study: Annadurai Tamilselvan, A. Samson Nesaraj, Michael Noel,
Acquisition of data: Annadurai Tamilselvan and A. Samson Nesaraj
Analysis and/or interpretation: Annadurai Tamil Selvan, Kadarkarai Govindan and Subramanian Uma Maheshwari,
Drafting of Manuscript: Annadurai Tamilselvan, Kadarkarai Govindan, and Subramanian Uma Maheshwari
Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content:
Kadarkari Govindan,
Subramanian Uma Maheswhari,
A. Samson Nesaraj, and
Michael Noel
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Thamilselvan, A., Govindan, K., Nesaraj, A.S. et al. Investigation of carbonaceous materials electrosorption attributes and its performance for capacitive deionization process within the presence of humic acid. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 71714–71725 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15542-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15542-6