Abstract
Research on substrate layer modification and filler configuration is an important direction for improving the retention and interception efficiency of green roofs. In this study, four green roof modules were established using peat soil, vermiculite, and zeolite as the main substrate layer. In addition, a polyacrylamide (PAM) modifier was added and mixed with these substrates. By simulating seven rainfall events, this study calculated and analyzed the outflow of each green roof as well as the average event mean concentration (EMC) and cumulative outflow quantity (COQ) of turbidity, ammonia nitrogen (\( {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N} \)), nitrate nitrogen (\( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \)), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). At the same time, the nitrogen mass balance of each green roof was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the interception capacity of the LP module was higher than the unmodified green roofs under heavy rain conditions. The modules also showed an improved capacity to inhibit the leaching of \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-} \); therefore, TN was effectively suppressed. However, suppression of \( {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}-\mathrm{N} \) did not significantly improve. The outflow turbidity from the MP and LP modules was low and stable, and the TP concentration showed no apparent change. After the simulated rainfall experiment with the rainfall of 426.3 mm, the proportion of TN leaching out of the LP module was at its lowest (0.85%), and the residual proportion of TN reached 80.7%. Overall, the addition of PAM to the dual-substrate layer can better form the soil aggregate structure, to improve the retention and purification effect of the extensive green roofs.
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Data availability
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
This work was supported by the Special Fund for Postgraduate Innovation in Jiangxi Province, China [Grant No.YC2020-S125], and the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Nanchang University, China [Grant No.CX2019115].
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Jian Zhan, Chen Xu, Guanjun Cai, Jingzhen Su, and Chuzhuo Zhang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Zaohong Liu, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Liu, Z., Xu, C., Cai, G. et al. Experimental evaluation of the rainfall retention and inorganic pollutant mitigation effect by dual-layer and polyacrylamide-modified green roofs. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 65160–65170 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15267-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15267-6