Abstract
Ozone has been widely applied in drinking water and wastewater treatment plants, and it is essential to determine the ozone dosage and its ratio in ozone contact tank to increase the ozone absorption and utilization rates. Batch experiments were performed to determine the first-order reaction rate coefficient of ozone (k1) in different raw water qualities. Results showed that k1 had an exponential decaying relationship with the ozone consumption amount (ΔO3). Based on the ozone mass transfer and decomposition kinetics, a numerical model was developed to optimize the total ozone dosage and its ratio in three aeration parts by calculating the ozone absorption and utilization rates in an ozone contact tank. The ozone absorption rate was little affected by the water quality, and an even distribution of ozone could greatly increase the ozone absorption rate. However, the ozone utilization rate was tightly related with the water quality. For waters that consumed ozone quickly, ozone should be dosed equally in three aeration parts to increase the ozone utilization rate up to 94.3%. Otherwise, more ozone should be dosed in the first aeration part. An increase in ozone utilization rate would induce an increase in the degree of water purification. This model could give theoretical support for the determination of ozone dosage and its ratio in water treatment plants rather than experience.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Aral MM, Demirel E (2017) Novel slot-baffle design to improve mixing efficiency and reduce cost of disinfection in drinking water treatment. J Environ Eng 143:06017006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001266
Bitton G (2014) Microbiology of drinking water production and distribution. Wiley, Hoboken
Chowdhury S, Mazumder MAJ, Al-Attas O, Husain T (2016) Heavy metals in drinking water: Occurrences, implications, and future needs in developing countries. Sci Total Environ 569:476–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.166
Demirel E, Aral M (2018) An efficient contact tank design for potable water treatment. Teknik Dergi 29:8279–8294. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.322491
Ding WQ, Jin WB, Cao S, Zhou X, Wang CP, Jiang QJ, Huang H, Tu RJ, Han SF, Wang QL (2019) Ozone disinfection of chlorine-resistant bacteria in drinking water. Water Res 160:339–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.014
Ershov BG, Morozov PA (2009) The kinetics of ozone decomposition in water, the influence of pH and temperature. Russ J Phys Chem A 83:1295–1299. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024409080093
Fabian I (2006) Reactive intermediates in aqueous ozone decomposition: a mechanistic approach. Pure Appl Chem 78:1559–1570. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200678081559
Ferre-Aracil J, Cardona SC, Navarro-Laboulais J (2015) Kinetic study of ozone decay in homogeneous phosphate-buffered medium. Ozone-Sci Eng 37:330–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2014.998756
Gardoni D, Vailati A, Canziani R (2012) Decay of ozone in water: A review. Ozone-Sci Eng 34:233–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2012.686354
Gerrity D, Gamage S, Holady JC, Mawhinney DB, Quiñones O, Trenholm RA, Snyder SA (2011) Pilot-scale evaluation of ozone and biological activated carbon for trace organic contaminant mitigation and disinfection. Water Res 45:2155–2165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.031
Gottschalk C, Libra JA, Saupe A (2009) Ozonation of water and waste water. A practical guide to understanding ozone and its application, 2nd edn. Wiley-VCH, New York
Hallé C, Huck PM, Peldszus S, Haberkamp J, Jekel M (2009) Assessing the performance of biological filtration as pretreatment to low pressure membranes for drinking water. Environ Sci Technol 43:3878–3884. https://doi.org/10.1021/es803615g
Higbie R (1935) The rate of absorption of a pure gas into a still liquid during short periods of exposure. Trans Am Inst Chem Eng 31:365–389
Hong JM, Qie YQ, Shen QC, Gu F, Zhu JW (2013) Advanced Water-Treatment-Technology Principles and Project Cases. China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing
Karnik BS, Davies SH, Baumann MJ, Masten SJ (2005) The effects of combined ozonation and filtration on disinfection by-product formation. Water Res 39:2839–2850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.073
Lau OW, Luk SF (2002) A survey on the composition of mineral water and identification of natural mineral water. Int J Food Sci Technol 37:309–317. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00571.x
Lazarova V, Liechti PA, Savoye P, Hausler R (2013) Ozone disinfection: main parameters for process design in wastewater treatment and reuse. J Water Reuse Desalin 3:337–345. https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2013.007
Liu R, Tian C, Liu X, Jiang H, Liu H, Qu J, Jefferson W (2012) Optimization of chlorine-based disinfection for the control of disinfection by-products formation and CODMn: a case study. Chem Eng J 197:116–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.05.016
Mandel P, Maurel M, Lemoine C, Roche P, Wolbert D (2012) How bromate and ozone concentrations can be modeled at full-scale based on lab-scale experiments – a case study. Ozone-Sci Eng 34:280–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2012.692636
McGinnis DF, Little JC (2002) Predicting diffused-bubble oxygen transfer rate using the discrete-bubble model. Water Res 36:4627–4635. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00175-6
Mizuno T, Tsuno H, Yamada H (2007) Development of ozone self-decomposition model for engineering design. Ozone-Sci Eng 29:55–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919510601115849
Paprocki A, dos Santos HS, Hammerschitt ME, Pires M, Azevedo CMN (2010) Ozonation of Azo dye Acid Black 1 under the suppression effect by chloride ion. J Braz Chem Soc 21:452–460. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532010000300009
Peter A, Von Gunten U (2007) Oxidation kinetics of selected taste and odor compounds during ozonation of drinking water. Environ Sci Technol 41:626–631. https://doi.org/10.1021/es061687b
Pocostales JP, Sein MM, Knolle W, von Sonntag C, Schmidt TC (2010) Degradation of ozone-refractory organic phosphates in wastewater by ozone and ozone/hydrogen peroxide (peroxone): The role of ozone consumption by dissolved organic matter. Environ Sci Technol 44:8248–8253. https://doi.org/10.1021/es1018288
Qi SQ (2015) Study on the model and optimization of ozone contact tank. Dissertation, Tsinghua University (in Chinese)
Qi SQ, Mao YQ, Guo XF, Wang XM, Yang HW, Xie YFF (2017) Evaluating dissolved ozone in a bubble column using a discrete-bubble model. Ozone-Sci Eng 39:44–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2016.1257381
Qiao XL, Zhang ZJ, Wang NC, Wee V, Low M, Loh CS, Hing NT (2008) Coagulation pretreatment for a large-scale ultrafiltration process treating water from the Taihu River. Desalination 230:305–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.032
Sanchez-Polo MS, Rivera-Utrilla J (2004) Ozonation of 1,3,6-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid in presence of heavy metals. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 79:902–909. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1077
Schneider F, Ruhl AS, Huebner U, Jekel M (2016) Removal of residual dissolved ozone with manganese dioxide for process control with UV254. Ozone-Sci Eng 38:79–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2015.1079121
Turhan K, Turgut Z (2009) Decolorization of direct dye in textile wastewater by ozonization in a semi-batch bubble column reactor. Desalination 242:256–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.005
von Gunten U (2003) Ozonation of drinking water: Part I. Oxidation kinetics and product formation. Water Res 37:1443–1467. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00457-8
Vyong Tkhi L, Tarasov VV, Popov YI (2009) The influence of traces on kinetics of ozone destruction in water. Theor Found Chem Eng 43:846–849. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579509050418
Wesselingh JA (1987) The velocity of particles, drops and bubbles. Chem Eng Process 21:9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/0255-2701(87)80002-8
Yang J, Li J, Zhu J, Dong Z, Luo F, Wang Y, Liu H, Jiang C, Yuan H (2017) A novel design for an ozone contact reactor and its performance on hydrodynamics, disinfection, bromate formation and oxidation. Chem Eng J 328:207–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.06.165
Yuan R, Tian Y, Shi C, Zhou B, Gu J, Zhang C (2013) Optimization of ozone distribution method in the ozone contactor. Res Environ Sci. https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2013.09.016 (in Chinese)
Zhu H, Wang Q, Ni J, Tong S (2016) Effect of different common anions on oxidative efficiency of TiO2/H2O2/O3. Chin J Environ Eng 10:4172–4176 (in Chinese)
Funding
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant number LQ20E080015), Program for the Philosophy and Social Research in Zhejiang Province (grant number 20NDJC20Z, 19NDJC262YB), Zhejiang Shuren University Basic Scientific Research Special Funds (grant number 2020XZ010), and the Young and Middle-aged Academic Team Project of Zhejiang Shuren University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
YM revised the manuscript and obtained funding for this study. SQ developed the numerical model of ozone contact tank, and wrote the original draft of the paper. XG did the ozone decomposition experiment and obtained all the experimental data. HW and YF both offered valuable suggestions for the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publish
Not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
ESM 1
(DOCX 246 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mao, Y., Qi, S., Guo, X. et al. Optimization of ozone dosage in an ozone contact tank using a numerical model. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 44987–44997 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13917-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13917-3