Abstract
BP-3 is one of the most used organic UV filters. However, its widespread use and release into aquatic environment can induce ecotoxicological impact on aquatic organisms. Thus, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the gills and liver of freshwater fish Poecilia reticulata subjected to acute exposure (96 h) to BP-3 at environmentally relevant concentrations (10–1000 ng L−1). The study was based on adopting qualitative and semi-quantitative approach to assess histopathological changes and integrated the biomarker response in order to investigate organ-specific responses to BP-3 exposure. BP-3 has induced high histopathological index associated with circulatory disturbances, as well as with regressive and immunological changes in gills, whereas the hepatic histopathological index was associated with circulatory disturbances. Moreover, lower BP-3 concentrations were mostly associated with changes in gills, whereas higher BP-3 concentration was mostly linked to hepatic changes. In conclusion, acute exposure to BP-3 at environmentally relevant concentrations had stronger impact on gills than on the liver of P. reticulata, which confirmed organ-specific responses to UV filters.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
This work was supported by State University of Goiás (UEG; No. 201600020010791) in Brazil, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG; PPP/201610267001019) in Brazil, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; 421759/2018-6) in Brazil. The author SSA was granted with a scholarship from FAPEG, whereas authors VSO and MRD were granted with scholarships from UEG. EFLCB was supported by UEG with a fellowship at the PROBIP program (Scientific Production Support Program).
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Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by SSA, VSO, MRD, LLB, TLR, and EFLCB. TLR, SMTSM, and EFLCB contributed to the study conception and design. TLR and EFLCB wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors contributed to and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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The Animal Research Ethics Committees from State University of Goiás (UEG; protocol n° 009/2016) and from Federal University of Goiás (UFG; protocol n° 046/2017) have approved the experimental and animal management procedures. The experiment has followed the OECD 203 guidelines for acute toxicity test of chemicals on fish (OECD 1992).
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dos Santos Almeida, S., Silva Oliveira, V., Ribeiro Dantas, M. et al. Environmentally relevant concentrations of benzophenone-3 induce differential histopathological responses in gills and liver of freshwater fish. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 44890–44901 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13839-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13839-0