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Residues, dissipation, and safety evaluation of pymetrozine-clothianidin mixture in strawberry

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Abstract

The residue detection method and field dissipation dynamics of the pymetrozine-clothianidin mixture in strawberries were investigated combining QuEChERS pretreatment and LC-MS/MS analysis to provide a reference for the safe use of pymetrozine and clothianidin mixture on strawberries. Good linearity (R2 > 0.999) was obtained for pymetrozine and clothianidin within the range of 0.005–1 μg mL−1. Method validations indicated that the recovery for pymetrozine and clothianidin was 84.2–101.4%, intra-day and inter-day repeatability ranged from 1.8 to 8.1% and from 4.1 to 7.0%, respectively. Following application of the recommended dose in field trials, pymetrozine and clothianidin dissipation followed first-order kinetics with half-lives of 6.8–13.9 days in strawberries at four locations. Moreover, owing to risk quotient < 100%, a mixture pesticide of 30% suspension concentrates (25% pymetrozine + 5% clothianidin) was unlikely to give rise to vital health concerns to humans following the recommended application guidelines. This study can be utilized in safety assessment and developing spray schedules for this mixed pesticide in strawberries.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

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Funding

All sources of funding and resources for the research were supplied by the Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Evertest Co., Ltd.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Evertest Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China

    Feng Xu, Wenhao Ren, Xinting Fang, Liuyang Chen & Xinxin Zha

Authors
  1. Feng Xu
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  2. Wenhao Ren
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  3. Xinting Fang
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  4. Liuyang Chen
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  5. Xinxin Zha
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Contributions

XF performed the data analyses and manuscript preparation and wrote the manuscript.

WH performed the experiments of field experiments and sample collection section.

XT performed the experiments of sample preparation and UPLC-MS/MS analysis section.

LY helped perform the analysis with constructive discussions.

XX contributed to the conception of the study and provided assistance through all the experiments.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Feng Xu.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Responsible Editor: Ester Heath

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Xu, F., Ren, W., Fang, X. et al. Residues, dissipation, and safety evaluation of pymetrozine-clothianidin mixture in strawberry. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 22641–22650 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12223-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12223-8

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