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Dissipation behavior of thiophanate-methyl in strawberry under open field condition in Egypt and consumer risk assessment

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Abstract

Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide extensively applied in pre- and post-harvest, for the control of a wide range of fruit and vegetable pathogens. In the current work, the residue behavior of thiophanate methyl after application on strawberries and an estimation of the consumer dietary exposure was performed. Supervised field trials were conducted in Egypt (Qaluobiya Governorate) as to investigate the residue dynamics and terminal residues at different PHIs of thiophanate methyl and its metabolite carbendazim in strawberries under Egyptian conditions. For the measurement of residues in fruits, a QuEChERS-based protocol coupled with LC–MS/MS was optimized and successfully validated at 0.01 mg kg−1. The half-life (t1/2) of thiophanate methyl in strawberries was estimated, and a dietary risk assessment was performed employing both FAO/WHO and EFSA approaches.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt

    Farag Malhat, Osama Abdallah, Fayza Ahmed & Shokr Abdel Salam

  2. Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Laboratory of Pesticides Residues, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece

    Chris Anagnostopoulos

  3. Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

    Mohamed Tawfic Ahmed

Authors
  1. Farag Malhat
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  2. Osama Abdallah
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  3. Fayza Ahmed
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  4. Shokr Abdel Salam
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  5. Chris Anagnostopoulos
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  6. Mohamed Tawfic Ahmed
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Correspondence to Farag Malhat or Chris Anagnostopoulos.

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Malhat, F., Abdallah, O., Ahmed, F. et al. Dissipation behavior of thiophanate-methyl in strawberry under open field condition in Egypt and consumer risk assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 1029–1039 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10186-4

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