Abstract
To understand the influence of Cd on atrazine (ATZ) degradation in aqueous solution, the degradation of different initial levels of ATZ (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg·L−1) was investigated in the presence and absence of Cd2+ in a 20-day laboratory experiment. It was found that Cd2+ caused a significant decrease in ATZ degradation and increased its half-life from 17–34 days to 30–57 days (p < 0.0001). Regarding the three most common metabolites of ATZ, deethylatrazine (DEA) and deisopropylatrazine (DIA) were detected in water earlier than hydroxyatrazine (HYA). The DEA content was several times higher than the DIA and HYA contents, regardless of the presence or absence of Cd2+. In the presence of Cd2+, the DIA content was significantly lower and the HYA content was significantly higher. Furthermore, Cd2+ had a dose-dependent effect on HYA formation. Our results indicated that the coexistence of Cd2+ and ATZ resulted in greater herbicide persistence, thereby possibly increasing the risk of environmental contamination. DEA was still the predominant ATZ degradation product detected in water under the combined pollution, which was similar to the ATZ tendency.
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This study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (5192004), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370540).
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All authors contributed significantly to the preparation of this manuscript. Dongyu Xie is the principal author and worked on the data collection, analysis, interpretation, and report writing. Chuansheng Chen and Qinghai Wang are the corresponding authors, who worked on designing the research methodology, interpretation of the study results, and organization of the manuscript. Cui Li is responsible for the organization of analysis tools and chemical analysis of water samples.
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Xie, D., Chen, C., Li, C. et al. Influence of Cd on atrazine degradation and the formation of three primary metabolites in water under the combined pollution. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 16081–16091 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11819-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11819-4