Abstract
This study assessed the concentration, bioconcentration, and bioaccumulation of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in juvenile fishes (Acestrorynchus pantaneiro, Brycon orbygnianus, Cyphocharax voga, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Odontesthes bonariensis, Pimelodus maculatus, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, and Schizodon borelli) in the Lower Paraná River (Argentina), the most extensive floodplain from the Plata Basin. The floodplain is crucial for the reproduction and growth of various species such as P. lineatus, M. obtusidens, and S. brasiliensis, which complete their life cycle in this environment. In total, 90 individuals were sampled for nitrogen stable isotope, and trace element analysis in muscle tissue, water, and sediment was analyzed. The results show that all the studied species bioaccumulate Cr, Mg, Ni, and Zn. In particular, B. orbygnianus and P. maculatus presented the highest bioaccumulation factor for Cr. A biodilution of Co through the food chain was observed. No positive correlation was found between element concentration and trophic level, but we observed significant differences between trophic guilds (herbivorous, omnivorous, and carnivorous). Our findings suggest that feeding habits determine trace element concentrations. To establish differential behavior between different species within the aquatic web further studies are necessary, particularly in the floodplain of the Paraná, which is a crucial nursery area for most commercially important fishes from the Plata Basin.
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank the 3IA-UNSAM and Laboratorio de Isótopos en Ciencias Ambientales (CONICET & UTN FRSR) laboratory teams for their assistance and technical support. The authors thank C. Bidone for her valuable assistance during ICP-MS measurements. Authors thank Dr. R. Callicó Fortunato for the English revision. Authors are grateful to local fisherman N. Yapura for his help in fieldwork. Finally, S. Llamazares Vegh wants to thank Dr. C. Fuentes for his constant support.
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Financial and logistic support was provided by the CONICET (P-UE 22920180100047CO), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBACYT 20020150100052BA), and ANPCyT (PICT 2015-1823)
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Llamazares Vegh, S., Biolé, F., Bavio, M. et al. Bioaccumulation of 10 trace elements in juvenile fishes of the Lower Paraná River, Argentina: implications associated with essential fish growing habitat. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 365–378 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10466-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10466-z