Abstract
Fouling behavior of the novel anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) self-forming dynamic membrane bioreactor (SFDMBR) was elucidated, which is using nylon mesh as the filter with controlled fouling and successful anammox process. Properties of anammox sludge and foulants in the anammox SFDMBR and MBR (using PVDF microfiltration membrane) were compared to analyze the alleviated fouling in the SFDMBR, of which transmembrane pressure could be kept below 10 kPa for 50 days in one filtration cycle of 82 days with flux of 12 L m−2 h−1. Colorimetrical determination and excitation emission matrices-parallel factor (EEM-PARAFAC) analysis of the foulants showed that humic acid content in foulants on nylon mesh was obviously lower than that on PVDF membrane. Considering that the small-sized and flexible humic acids prefer to plug into membrane pores, the alleviated irreversible fouling in the SFDMBR could be attributed to the less microbial humic acid content of foulants (8.8 ± 1.0%) compared with the MBR (20.7 ± 2.9%). The adequate efflux of humic-like substances in the operation with nylon mesh was speculated to be the main mechanism of fouling control in the SFDMBR. These findings highlighted the potential of anammox SFDMBR in practical applications, because of the high humic acid contents in real ammonium-laden wastewater. Our study highlights the important role of humic acids in fouling behavior of the novel anammox SFDMBR to provide guidance for fouling control strategies.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (51778446 and 51522809). The Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse (Tongji University, China) (PCRRY 0400231010) is also acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Opening Project of National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology.
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Zhu, Y., Cao, L., Ni, L. et al. Insights into fouling behavior in a novel anammox self-forming dynamic membrane bioreactor by the fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 40041–40053 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09944-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09944-1