Abstract
Reductive dechlorination performed by organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) enables the complete detoxification of certain emerging groundwater pollutants such as perchloroethene (PCE). Environmental samples from a contaminated site incubated in a lab-scale microcosm (MC) study enable documentation of such reductive dechlorination processes. As compound-specific isotope analysis is used to monitor PCE degradation processes, nucleic acid analysis—like 16S-rDNA analysis—can be used to determine the key OHRB that are present. This study applied both methods to laboratory MCs prepared from environmental samples to investigate OHRB-specific isotope enrichment at PCE dechlorination. This method linkage can enhance the understanding of isotope enrichment patterns of distinct OHRB, which further contribute to more accurate evaluation, characterisation and prospection of natural attenuation processes. Results identified three known OHRB genera (Dehalogenimonas, Desulfuromonas, Geobacter) in diverse abundance within MCs. One species of Dehalogenimonas was potentially involved in complete reductive dechlorination of PCE to ethene. Furthermore, the isotopic effects of PCE degradation were clustered and two isotope enrichment factors (ε) (− 11.6‰, − 1.7‰) were obtained. Notably, ε values were independent of degradation rates and kinetics, but did reflect the genera of the dechlorinating OHRB.
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Acknowledgements
Sampling of sediments and groundwater was enabled and supported by the Bundesaltlastensanierungsges.m.b.H. The work was funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the state of Lower Austria (WST3-T-81/029-2011, WST3-T-81/034-2014, WST3-T-81/036-2016). Thanks are given to Joachim Heindler for technical support.
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Leitner, S., Berger, H., Gorfer, M. et al. Isotopic effects of PCE induced by organohalide-respiring bacteria. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 24803–24815 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0075-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0075-2