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An integrated approach to model the biomagnification of organic pollutants in aquatic food webs of the Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir ecosystem using adapted pollution scenarios

  • Processes and Environmental Quality in the Yangtze River System
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Abstract

The impounding of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) at the Yangtze River caused large flooding of urban, industrial, and agricultural areas, and profound land use changes took place. Consequently, substantial amounts of organic and inorganic pollutants were released into the reservoir. Additionally, contaminants and nutrients are entering the reservoir by drift, drainage, and runoff from adjacent agricultural areas as well as from sewage of industry, aquacultures, and households. The main aim of the presented research project is a deeper understanding of the processes that determines the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of organic pollutants, i.e., mainly pesticides, in aquatic food webs under the newly developing conditions of the TGR. The project is part of the Yangtze-Hydro environmental program, financed by the German Ministry of Education and Science. In order to test combinations of environmental factors like nutrients and pollution, we use an integrated modeling approach to study the potential accumulation and biomagnification. We describe the integrative modeling approach and the consecutive adaption of the AQUATOX model, used as modeling framework for ecological risk assessment. As a starting point, pre-calibrated simulations were adapted to Yangtze-specific conditions (regionalization). Two exemplary food webs were developed by a thorough review of the pertinent literature. The first typical for the flowing conditions of the original Yangtze River and the Daning River near the city of Wushan, and the second for the stagnant reservoir characteristics of the aforementioned region that is marked by an intermediate between lake and large river communities of aquatic organisms. In close cooperation with German and Chinese partners of the Yangtze-Hydro Research Association, other site-specific parameters were estimated. The MINIBAT project contributed to the calibration of physicochemical and bathymetric parameters, and the TRANSMIC project delivered hydrodynamic models for water volume and flow velocity conditions. The research questions were firstly focused on the definition of scenarios that could depict representative situations regarding food webs, pollution, and flow conditions in the TGR. The food webs and the abiotic site conditions in the main study area near the city of Wushan that determine the environmental preconditions for the organisms were defined. In our conceptual approach, we used the pesticide propanil as a model substance.

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Acknowledgments

Our study has been carried out as part of the project MICROTOX (“Transformation, Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Organic Micropollutants in the Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir” which is integrated into the joint environmental research program “Yangtze-Hydro-sustainable Management of the Newly Created Ecosystem at the Three Gorges Dam” (Bergmann et al. 2012, www.yangtze-project.de). The project has been financed by the Federal Bureau of Education and Science of Germany (BMBF) as part of the research cluster “Pollutants/Water/Sediment—Impacts of Transformation and Transportation Processes on the Yangtze Water Quality.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Björn Scholz-Starke, Richard Ottermanns, Ursula Rings, Tilman Floehr, Henner Hollert, Katrin Strauch, Andreas Schäffer & Martina Roß-Nickoll

  2. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Shanghai, China

    Junli Hou

  3. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

    Bo Li & Xingzhong Yuan

  4. Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Ling Ling Wu

  5. Institute of Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Hu Wei, Stefan Norra & Andreas Holbach

  6. Institute of Hydraulic Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Bernhard Westrich

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  1. Björn Scholz-Starke
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Correspondence to Björn Scholz-Starke.

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Responsible editor: Michael Matthies

Björn Scholz-Starke and Richard Ottermanns contributed equally to this work.

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Scholz-Starke, B., Ottermanns, R., Rings, U. et al. An integrated approach to model the biomagnification of organic pollutants in aquatic food webs of the Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir ecosystem using adapted pollution scenarios. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 7009–7026 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1504-5

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