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Serum adropin level is associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Objective

Adropin is a recently discovered peptide hormone that plays a vital role in metabolism and cardiovascular-cerebrovascular function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of circulating adropin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and further determine the relationship between serum adropin concentration and endothelial dysfunction in patients with OSAHS.

Methods

Forty polysomnography-diagnosed patients with OSAHS and 21 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the current study. Serum adropin level, endothelial function parameters including flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of brachial artery, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in all participants.

Results

Serum adropin levels were significantly lower in patients with OSAHS compared to the control subjects. FMD was lower and serum ET-1 levels were higher in patients with OSAHS compared to control subjects. No significant difference was seen in serum NO levels between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum adropin level was positively associated with FMD and negatively correlated with AHI. Additionally, serum adropin levels were lower in patients with OSAHS who had endothelial dysfunction compared with those patients without endothelial dysfunction. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that area under the curve (AUC) for serum adropin in predicting endothelial dysfunction status in patients with OSAHS was 0.815 (95% CI 0.680–0.951, p = 0.001). The cutoff value of serum adropin level was less than 235.0 pg/mL, which provided the sensitivity and specificity of 81% and 75%, respectively, for the detection of endothelial dysfunction in patients with OSAHS.

Conclusion

Lower circulating adropin levels are closely associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with OSAHS. Circulating adropin level may serve as an early biomarker to predict the development of endothelial dysfunction before the emergence of clinical symptoms in patients with OSAHS.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1311900) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81873406).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital (Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease), Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China

    Ziwen Fan, Yan Zhang, Tengjuan Xu, Pinhua Pan, Chengping Hu & Xiaoli Su

  2. Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China

    Fangfang Zou

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  1. Ziwen Fan
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  2. Yan Zhang
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Correspondence to Xiaoli Su.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Committee of Human Research in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Ziwen Fan and Yan Zhang are co-first authors.

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Fan, Z., Zhang, Y., Zou, F. et al. Serum adropin level is associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome. Sleep Breath 25, 117–123 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02072-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02072-7

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