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A Pilot Study of Texture Analysis of Primary Tumor [18F]FDG Uptake to Predict Recurrence in Surgically Treated Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

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Abstract

Purpose

To examine whether the heterogeneous texture parameters in primary tumor can predict prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) received surgery after 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computed tomography (CT).

Procedure

This retrospective study included 55 patients with NSCLC who underwent [18F]FDG-PET/CT before surgery from January 2011 and December 2015. SUV-related (SUVmax and SUVmean), volumetric (metabolic tumor volume [SUV ≥ 2.5], and total lesion glycolysis) and texture parameters (local parameters; entropy, homogeneity, and dissimilarity and regional parameters; intensity variability [IV], size-zone variability [SZV], and zone percentage [ZP]) were obtained. Tumor size, TNM stage, SUV-related, volumetric, and texture parameters were compared between the patients with progression and without progression using Mann-Whitney’s U or χ2 test and progression-free survival (PFS) and prognostic significance were assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis, respectively.

Results

Nineteen patients eventually showed progression, and 36 patients were alive without progression during clinical follow-up (median follow-up PFS; 23 months [range, 1–71]). The patients with progression showed significantly larger tumor size (p < 0.001), higher IV (p = 0.010), and higher SZV (p = 0.007) than those without progression. PFS was significantly shorter in patients with large tumor size (p = 0.008), high T stage (p = 0.009), high stage (p = 0.013), high IV (p = 0.012), and high SZV (p = 0.015) at univariate analysis. At multivariate analysis, stage (hazard ratio [HR] 1.62, p = 0.035) and IV (hazard ratio 6.19, p = 0.048) were only remained independent predictors for PFS.

Conclusions

The regional heterogeneity texture parameters IV and SZV can predict tumor progression, and IV has the potential to predict prognosis of surgically treated NSCLC patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan

    Masatoyo Nakajo, Megumi Jinguji, Atsushi Tani & Takashi Yoshiura

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany

    Tetsuya Shinaji

  3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan

    Masaya Aoki & Masami Sato

  4. Department of Radiology, Kagoshima City Hospital, 20-17 Kajiya, Kagoshima, 892-8580, Japan

    Yoshiaki Nakabeppu

  5. Department of Radiology, Nanpuh Hospital, 14-3 Nagata, Kagoshima, 892-8512, Japan

    Masayuki Nakajo

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  1. Masatoyo Nakajo
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  2. Megumi Jinguji
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  4. Masaya Aoki
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Correspondence to Masatoyo Nakajo.

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was waived by the institutional review board for this retrospective study.

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Nakajo, M., Jinguji, M., Shinaji, T. et al. A Pilot Study of Texture Analysis of Primary Tumor [18F]FDG Uptake to Predict Recurrence in Surgically Treated Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 21, 771–780 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-018-1290-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-018-1290-z

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