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Evolution of rDNA FISH patterns in the Fagaceae

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Abstract

The Fagaceae is one of the most important plant families in European forest ecosystems, and it includes several genera distributed in the Northern hemisphere. In this work we studied the genome organization and evolution within the family, by karyotyping and physically mapping rDNA in ten European and Asian species of the genera Fagus, Quercus, and Castanea. All of the species studied had a chromosome number of 2n=2x=24, except for the first report of a single individual of Quercus suber which proved to be triploid (2n=3x=36). The rDNA physical mapping revealed several patterns: the dominant one is present in European and Asian Quercus subgenus Quercus, and in Castanea sativa and Castanea crenata, consisting of two 18S–25S rDNA loci (one subterminal major and one pericentromeric minor) and one 5S rDNA pericentromeric locus. In Fagus sylvatica and in Quercus sessilifolia, different patterns were observed: four terminal 18S–25S rDNA loci and two 5S rDNA pericentromeric loci in the former, and five 18S–25S rDNA loci (three terminal and two intercalary) and one 5S rDNA pericentromeric locus in the latter. In Castanea mollissima a distinct rDNA distribution pattern with two intercalary 18S–25S rDNA loci and two 5S rDNA was found. These findings suggest rDNA loci restructuring during Castanea evolution, and variability of 18S–25S loci between Quercus and Cyclobalanopsis subgenera.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Hachemi Merouani, Dr. Atshuchi Sakai, Prof. Carlos Abreu, Engr. Isabel Silvestre, Engr. Carla Faria, and Bruno Larsen for generously providing help in obtaining and preserving the plant material. We thank Prof. Wanda Viegas for many helpful comments. We are also very grateful to Prof. Neil Jones for his critical revision of the manuscript and editing of English. T.R was supported by Fundação Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal (Grant SFRH/BD/13319/2003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal

    Teresa Ribeiro & Leonor Morais-Cecílio

  2. Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Baixo Alentejo e Litoral (CEBAL), Escola Superior Agrária, Rua Pedro Soares, Apartado 6158, 7801-908, Beja, Portugal

    Teresa Ribeiro

  3. Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    João Loureiro & Conceição Santos

  4. Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    João Loureiro

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  1. Teresa Ribeiro
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  2. João Loureiro
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  3. Conceição Santos
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  4. Leonor Morais-Cecílio
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Correspondence to Teresa Ribeiro.

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Communicated by A. Kremer

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Ribeiro, T., Loureiro, J., Santos, C. et al. Evolution of rDNA FISH patterns in the Fagaceae. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7, 1113–1122 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-011-0399-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-011-0399-x

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