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Genetic dissection of resistance to root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. in plum, peach, almond, and apricot from various segregating interspecific Prunus progenies

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Abstract

Sources of resistance in Prunus spp. exhibit different spectra to the root-knot nematodes (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne floridensis. In this Prunus genus, two dominant genes, Ma with a complete spectrum from the heterozygous Myrobalan plums P.2175 and P.2980 (section Euprunus; subgenus Prunophora) and RMia with a more restricted spectrum from the peaches Nemared and Shalil (subgenus Amygdalus), have been identified. This study characterizes the resistance spectra of interspecific crosses involving (1) previous Myrobalan and peach sources, (2) two Alnem almonds (subgenus Amygdalus) resistant to M. javanica, and (3) the apricot A.3923, representing a species considered RKN-resistant (section Armeniaca; Prunophora). For both latter species, genetic data could be obtained through F1 crosses with genetically characterized Myrobalans that conferred their rooting ability for clonal multiplication of the hybrids and permitted their simultaneous evaluation to the three RKN. Crosses involving either Ma or RMia or both generated the expected resistance spectra. Nemared confirmed the species-specific resistance to M. incognita conferred by RMia. This rootstock, also previously considered resistant to M. javanica, was susceptible to the M. javanica isolate used, what illustrates an isolate-specific resistance to this species. Alnem accessions were shown homozygous resistant to M. javanica. In the progeny P.2980 × A.3923, Ma markers allowed to distinguish resistant individuals carrying that gene from resistant individuals lacking it. Distribution of non-Ma individuals in this cross suggested, in the apricot parent, (1) the absence of a major gene allelic to Ma and (2) the presence of a non RKN specific polygenic resistance.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partly funded by the Commission of the European Union via the FAIR Programme of Research and Technological Development (Research project no. FAIR6-CT 984139; 1999–2004) and by the French Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Contrat de Branche n° 20 B- 44.70.70, 2000–2003). The authors also thank the technical staff of the INRA Exprimental Farms ‘Domaine des Jarres’, ‘Domaine de Toulenne’, ‘Domaine de la Grande Ferrade’ and “Domaine des Pins de L’Amarine” for producing the Amygdalus × Amygdalus, Myrobalan × Amygdalus and Myrobalan × Armeniaca interspecific segregating material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Equipe de Nématologie, INRA, UMR “Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale” (IBSV), B.P. 167, 06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France

    D. Esmenjaud, R. Voisin, C. Van Ghelder & N. Bosselut

  2. Sezione di Bari, Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante (IPP), CNR, 70126, Bari, Italy

    M. Di Vito

  3. INRA, Unité de Recherche sur les Espèces Fruitières (UREF), B.P. 81, 33883, Villenave d’Ornon Cedex, France

    B. Lafargue, E. Dirlewanger & M. Kleinhentz

  4. INRA, Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (UGAFL), Domaine Saint Maurice, B.P. 94, 84143, Montfavet cedex, France

    J. L. Poëssel

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  1. D. Esmenjaud
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  2. R. Voisin
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  3. C. Van Ghelder
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  4. N. Bosselut
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  5. B. Lafargue
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  6. M. Di Vito
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  7. E. Dirlewanger
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  8. J. L. Poëssel
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  9. M. Kleinhentz
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Correspondence to D. Esmenjaud.

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Communicated by: A. Abbott

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Esmenjaud, D., Voisin, R., Van Ghelder, C. et al. Genetic dissection of resistance to root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. in plum, peach, almond, and apricot from various segregating interspecific Prunus progenies. Tree Genetics & Genomes 5, 279–289 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0173-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0173-x

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