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Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir under different fertilization histories

  • Original Article
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Ecological Research

Abstract

Impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has dramatically influenced the riparian environment and shaped a new drawdown zone, which has experienced long-term winter conditions and short periods of summer flooding. The community structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (AMF) were investigated in three areas with different fertilization histories [Area A (5 years of fertilization), Area B (3 years of fertilization) and Area C (no fertilization)] in the drawdown zone of the TGR. Altogether, 50 AMF species were identified; the genera Acaulospora, Funneliformis and Glomus were predominant. The AM fungal community differed among areas A, B and C. A higher isolation frequency and relative abundance of Acaulospora, Ambispora, Entrophospora and Paraglomus were observed in areas A and B; however, Claroideoglomus, Diversispora, Sclerocystis and Septoglomus were more abundant in Area C. The highest spore density occurred in Area C, and was slightly lower in Area A and lowest in Area B. Conversely, species richness and diversity indices (Shannon–Wiener and evenness indices) were the highest in Area A, followed by areas C and B. Based on nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses, the distribution of AMF was influenced by plant host, fertilization practice and environmental factors. Among them, the soil physicochemical properties were the main drivers affecting AMF, in which three edaphic attributes (carbon/nitrogen ratio, available phosphorus and potassium content) were significantly correlated (P < 0.001) with the AM fungal community composition in the three areas of the drawdown zone of the TGR.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank anonymous referees for constructive comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. We are very grateful to anonymous AMF taxonomists for their help with the morphological identification of spores of AMF. The Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. cstc2012jjA20012), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31270091) and the Scientific Research Foundation of Southwest University to Dr. Jinyan Dong (Grant No. swu109046) supported this work financially.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Xie Luo, Xiaolei Su, Jingmiao Cui, Ya Lou, Xiumei Luo, Yuanqin Zeng, Yaobo Xu & Jinyan Dong

  2. School of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China

    Ru Li

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Luo, X., Su, X., Cui, J. et al. Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir under different fertilization histories. Ecol Res 31, 407–416 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-016-1356-9

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