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Richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) along a vegetation gradient of Brazilian Cerrado: responses to seasonality, soil types, and plant communities

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Abstract

The Brazilian Cerrado is a biodiversity hotspot characterized by a mosaic of phytophysiognomies and soil types. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important components of biodiversity, participating in symbiotic relationships with plants and involved in ecosystem functioning. Variations in the AMF communities in Cerrado phytophysiognomies are not well understood. We collected soil samples in the dry, transition (dry to rainy), and rainy seasons to evaluate relationships between the AMF community, vegetation, and soil physicochemical parameters of three Cerrado phytophysiognomies that constitute a structural gradient (campo sujo: grassland, cerrado típico: savanna, and cerradão: forest) across seasons. The floristic similarity was high between cerrado grassland and savanna, but lower between cerrado forest and grassland and between cerrado forest and savanna. Twenty-six AMF species were identified, with genera Glomus and Acaulospora common to all phytophysiognomies. AMF communities showed low similarity between different phytophysiognomies. Spore density differed between the phytophysiognomies, increasing from grassland to cerrado forest. Seasonal distribution of precipitation affected the AMF community in cerrado savanna and forest, but not in grassland soil. Differences in edaphic factors were important drivers of AMF spore density that correlated positively with soil parameters. Except for woody plant biomass, which correlated positively with spore density in the dry and transition/rainy season, no vegetation parameters showed significant correlations with spore density in any season. Despite the high floristic similarity between cerrado grassland and savanna, similarity between AMF communities is low, highlighting the importance of the vegetation gradient and its conservation in the structuring of these fungal communities.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information file).

Notes

  1. Dr. Leonor C. Maia, Dr. Danielle K. Silva, Dr. Juliana S. Pontes, Dr. Iolanda R. Silva, Dr. Indra Escobar (Departamento de Micologia, Laboratório de Micorrízas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil), and Dr. Fritz Oehl (Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland).

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) for the scholarship awarded to FJSC; Universidade de Brasília, Botanical Garden of Brasília, and Ecological Reserve of IBGE/RECOR for funding and authorization for the fieldwork of this study; Dr. Jair Quintino and Drs. Carolyn Proença and Maria Zanatta for their assistance with plant taxonomy; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Brazil) and Agroscope (Zürich, Switzerland) for assistance with AMF species taxonomy, with special thanks to Drs. Leonor Maia, Danielle K. Silva, Juliana S. Pontes, Iolanda R. Silva, Indra Escobar, and Dr. Fritz Oehl. To Drs. Leticia Gomes, Rafaella Silveira, and Dr. Thiago R. B. Mello for their assistance with the floristic survey and fieldwork. We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful and detailed comments that greatly improved the final version of this article.

Funding

This research was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, process no. 449132/2014-5, Process no. 441581/2016-1).

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  1. Laboratório de Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70919-900, Brazil

    Francisco J. Simões Calaça & Mercedes M. C. Bustamante

  2. Laboratório de Micologia Básica, Aplicada e Divulgação Científica – FungiLab, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Central, Anápolis, Goiás, 75132-903, Brazil

    Francisco J. Simões Calaça

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Francisco J. Simões Calaça: investigation, data collection, analysis, writing and original draft. Mercedes Bustamante: research conceptualization, supervision, review, and editing.

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Calaça, F.J.S., Bustamante, M.M.C. Richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) along a vegetation gradient of Brazilian Cerrado: responses to seasonality, soil types, and plant communities. Mycol Progress 21, 27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-022-01785-1

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  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-022-01785-1

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