Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Distributed Dynamic Backhauling in Aerial Heterogeneous Networks

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Congestion management of urban mobile network under heavy capacity and coverage demand by the moving dense users has become a denotable challenge to the Network Service Providers (NSPs). We have previously termed the ‘capacity in motion’ demand as the Place Time Capacity (PTC) problem and to address this problem, we have proposed the concept of Hovering Ad-Hoc Network (HANET) as a deployment of a fleet of airborne mobile tower vehicles to follow and serve the moving users was proposed. With aerial vehicles in a heterogeneous network environment, backhauling the heavy user data might be a problem. In this paper, we attempt to introduce the concept of Distributed Dynamic Backhauling for the Aerial Architecture (DDBAA) and analyse a situation of HANET serving PTC. We investigate the performance of the network served by the HANET, wherein every aerial device is following an intelligent backhaul mechanism to offload the heavy user data. This paper, lastly, concludes by discussing the observed results and indicating the future research work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

PTC:

Place Time Capacity

NSP:

Network Service Provider

HANET:

Hovering Ad-Hoc Network

Aerial-HetNet:

Aerial Heterogeneous Network

DDBAA:

Distributed Dynamic Backhauling in Aerial Architecture

References

  1. Kumar, A., Mehta, P. L., & Prasad, R. (2014). Place time capacity—A novel concept for defining challenges in 5G networks and beyond in India. In 2014 IEEE Global Conference on Wireless Computing Network (GCWCN) (pp. 278–282).

  2. Ge, X., Tu, S., Mao, G., et al. (2016). 5G ultra-dense cellular networks. IEEE Wireless Communication, 23, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2016.7422408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Mehta, P. L., Sorensen, T. B., & Prasad, R. (2015). HANET: Millimeter wave based intelligent radio architecture for serving place time capacity issue. Wireless VITAE (presented).

  4. Mehta, P. L., Sorensen, T. B., Prasad, R.(2016) A Self-itinerant Aerial Radio Architecture for serving place time variant user accumulations. Wireless World Research Forum (presented).

  5. Mehta, P. L., & Prasad, R. (2017). Aerial-heterogeneous network: A case study analysis on the network performance under heavy user accumulations. Wireless Personal Communication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4283-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Mehta, P. L., Sørensen, T. B., & Prasad, R. (2016). SINR based capacity performance analysis of hovering Ad-Hoc network. In 2016 19th international symposium on wireless personal multimedia communication (WPMC) (pp. 147–152).

  7. Mehta, P. L., Sorensen, T. B, & Prasad, R. (2016) Distributed dynamic backhauling in self-itinerant intelligent aerial radio architecture (presented).

  8. Tipmongkolsilp, O., Zaghloul, S., & Jukan, A. (2011). The evolution of cellular backhaul technologies: Current issues and future trends. IEEE Communications Survey & Tutorials, 13, 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1109/SURV.2011.040610.00039.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Pi, Z., Choi, J., & Heath, R. (2016). Millimeter-wave gigabit broadband evolution toward 5G: Fixed access and backhaul. IEEE Communications Magazine, 54, 138–144. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2016.7452278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang, N., Hossain, E., & Bhargava, V. K. (2015). Backhauling 5G small cells: A radio resource management perspective. IEEE Wireless Communications, 22, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2015.7306536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Omidvar, N., Liu, A., Lau, V., et al. (2015). Two-timescale radio resource management for heterogeneous networks with flexible backhaul. In 2015 IEEE global communication conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1–6).

  12. Bernal-Mor, E., Pla, V., Martínez-Bauset, J., & Guijarro, L. (2016). Performance analysis of two-tier wireless networks with dynamic traffic, backhaul constraints, and terminal mobility. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65, 241–250. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2015.2397317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Jaber, M., Imran, M. A., Tafazolli, R., Tukmanov, A. (2016). A multiple attribute user-centric backhaul provisioning scheme using distributed SON. In 2016 IEEE global communications conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1–6).

  14. Wang, T., Song, L., Han, Z. (2015). Dynamic femtocaching for mobile users. In 2015 IEEE wireless communications and networking conference (WCNC) (pp. 861–865).

  15. Keshavarzian, I., Zeinalpour-Yazdi, Z., & Tadaion, A. (2015). A clustered caching placement in heterogeneous small cell networks with user mobility. In 2015 IEEE international symposium on signal processing and information technology (ISSPIT) (pp. 421–426).

  16. Artiga, X., Nunez-Martinez, J., Perez-Neira, A., et al. (2016). Terrestrial-satellite integration in dynamic 5G backhaul networks. In 2016 8th advanced satellite multimedia systems conference and the 14th signal processing for space communications workshop (ASMS/SPSC) (pp. 1–6).

  17. Schulz, D., Jungnickel, V., Alexakis, C., et al. (2016). Robust optical wireless link for the backhaul and fronthaul of small radio cells. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 34, 1523–1532. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2016.2523801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Dehos, C., González, J. L., Domenico, A. D., et al. (2014). Millimeter-wave access and backhauling: the solution to the exponential data traffic increase in 5G mobile communications systems? IEEE Communications Magazine, 52, 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2014.6894457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Taori, R., & Sridharan, A. (2015). Point-to-multipoint in-band mmwave backhaul for 5G networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 53, 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2015.7010534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Shariat, M., Dianati, M., Seppänen, K., et al. (2015). Enabling wireless backhauling for next generation mmWave networks. In 2015 European conference on networks and communications (EuCNC) (pp. 164–168).

  21. Chiang, Y. H., & Liao, W. (2017). Mw-HierBack: A cost-effective and robust millimeter wave hierarchical backhaul solution for hetnets. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2017.2696011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Rois, J. G., Lorenzo, B., González-Castaño, F. J., & Burguillo, J. C. (2016). Heterogeneous millimeter-wave/micro-wave architecture for 5G wireless access and backhauling. In 2016 European conference on networks and communications (EuCNC) (pp. 179–184).

  23. Chandrasekharan, S., Gomez, K., Al-Hourani, A., et al. (2016). Designing and implementing future aerial communication networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 54, 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2016.7470932.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Al-Hourani, A., Chandrasekharan, S., Jamalipour, A., et al. (2015). Optimal cluster head spacing for energy-efficient communication in aerial-backhauled networks. In 2015 IEEE global communications conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1–6).

  25. Alzenad, M., Shakir, M. Z., Yanikomeroglu, H., & Alouini, M. –S. (2016). FSO-based vertical backhaul/fronthaul framework for 5G + wireless networks. arXiv:160701472.

  26. Kalantari, E., Shakir, M. Z., Yanikomeroglu, H., & Yongacoglu, A. (2017). Backhaul-aware robust 3D drone placement in 5G + wireless networks. In 2017 IEEE international conference on communications workshops (ICC workshops) (pp. 109–114).

  27. Li, Y., & Cai, L. (2017). UAV-assisted dynamic coverage in a heterogeneous cellular system. IEEE Network, 31, 56–61. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2017.1600280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Fedrizzi, R., Goratti, L., Gomez, K., & Rasheed, T. (2014). On the feasibility of handover over WiFi backhaul in LTE-based aerial-terrestrial networks. In 2014 IEEE wireless communications and networking conference (WCNC) (pp. 2196–2201).

  29. Ahdi, F., & Subramaniam, S. (2015). Using unmanned aerial vehicles as relays in wireless balloon networks. In 2015 IEEE international conference on communications (ICC) (pp. 3795–3800).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IILM College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India

    Purnima Lala Mehta

  2. Department of Business Development and Technology, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Herning, Denmark

    Ramjee Prasad

Authors
  1. Purnima Lala Mehta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ramjee Prasad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Purnima Lala Mehta.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mehta, P.L., Prasad, R. Distributed Dynamic Backhauling in Aerial Heterogeneous Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 109, 621–643 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06582-w

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06582-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation