Analysis of glucose and xylose metabolism in new indigenous Meyerozyma caribbica strains isolated from corn residues

Abstract

Aiming to broaden the base of knowledge about wild yeasts, four new indigenous strains were isolated from corn residues, and phylogenetic-tree assemblings on ITS and LSU regions indicated they belong to Meyerozyma caribbica. Yeasts were cultivated under full- and micro-aerobiosis, starting with low or high cell-density inoculum, in synthetic medium or corn hydrolysate containing glucose and/or xylose. Cells were able to assimilate both monosaccharides, albeit by different metabolic routes (fermentative or respiratory). They grew faster in glucose, with lag phases ~ 10 h shorter than in xylose. The hexose exhaustion occurred between 24 and 34 h, while xylose was entirely consumed in the last few hours of cultivation (44–48 h). In batch fermentation in synthetic medium with high cell density, under full-aerobiosis, 18–20 g glucose l⁻¹ were exhausted in 4–6 h, with a production of 6.5–7.0 g ethanol l⁻¹. In the xylose medium, cells needed > 12 h to consume the carbohydrate, and instead of ethanol, cells released 4.4–6.4 g l⁻¹ xylitol. Under micro-aerobiosis, yeasts were unable to assimilate xylose, and glucose was more slowly consumed, although the ethanol yield was the theoretical maximum. When inoculated into the hydrolysate, cells needed 4–6 h to deplete glucose, and xylose had a maximum consumption of 57%. Considering that the hydrolysate contained ~ 3 g l⁻¹ acetic acid, it probably has impaired sugar metabolism. Thus, this study increases the fund of knowledge regarding indigenous yeasts and reveals the biotechnological potential of these strains.

Graphical abstract