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Interactions between Torulaspora delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in wine fermentation: influence of inoculation and nitrogen content

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Abstract

Alcoholic fermentation by an oenological strain of Torulaspora delbrueckii in association with an oenological strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied in mixed and sequential cultures. Experiments were performed in a synthetic grape must medium in a membrane bioreactor, a special tool designed to study indirect interactions between microorganisms. Results showed that the S. cerevisiae strain had a negative impact on the T. delbrueckii strain, leading to a viability decrease as soon as S. cerevisiae was inoculated. Even for high inoculation of T. delbrueckii (more than 20× S. cerevisiae) in mixed cultures, T. delbrueckii growth was inhibited. Substrate competition and cell-to-cell contact mechanism could be eliminated as explanations of the observed interaction, which was probably an inhibition by a metabolite produced by S. cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae should be inoculated 48 h after T. delbrueckii in order to ensure the growth of T. delbrueckii and consequently a decrease of volatile acidity and a higher isoamyl acetate production. In this case, in a medium with a high concentration of assimilable nitrogen (324 mg L−1), S. cerevisiae growth was not affected by T. delbrueckii. But in a sequential fermentation in a medium containing 176 mg L−1 initial assimilable nitrogen, S. cerevisiae was not able to develop because of nitrogen exhaustion by T. delbrueckii growth during the first 48 h, leading to sluggish fermentation.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Vietnamese and French Governments for providing the grant and Lallemand S.A.S., France for providing the yeast strains.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Toulouse; INPT - UPS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 4, Allée Emile Monso, 31030, Toulouse, France

    Patricia Taillandier, Quoc Phong Lai & Cédric Brandam

  2. CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 31030, Toulouse, France

    Patricia Taillandier, Quoc Phong Lai & Cédric Brandam

  3. Lallemand S.A.S., 19, rue des Briquetiers, BP 59, 31702, Blagnac Cedex, France

    Anne Julien-Ortiz

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  1. Patricia Taillandier
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  2. Quoc Phong Lai
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  3. Anne Julien-Ortiz
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  4. Cédric Brandam
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Correspondence to Cédric Brandam.

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Taillandier, P., Lai, Q.P., Julien-Ortiz, A. et al. Interactions between Torulaspora delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in wine fermentation: influence of inoculation and nitrogen content. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 30, 1959–1967 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-014-1618-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-014-1618-z

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