Abstract
Mannitol is a naturally occurring low calorie sweetener, widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, medicine and chemical industries. In this study mannitol producing strains of Leuconostoc spp. (210) were isolated from a wide array of sources such as raw milk, fermented milks, fermented cereal foods, fruits, vegetables and sugar factory syrup. During initial screening, half of the population of these isolates (105) exhibited ability to produce mannitol to a variable extent. Only 11.4% isolate produced mannitol yield of above 80% (when fructose used @ 50 g/l). Cultural and environmental factors affecting growth and mannitol production were studied for four high mannitol producing isolates. High mannitol production was favored by high temperature and high pH. Isolates had high osmotic tolerance as these could use fructose concentration as high as 100 g/l in batch culture. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of the strains revealed that Ln27, Ln104 and Ln206 were Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Ln92 was Leuconostoc fallax.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11274-010-0536-y/MediaObjects/11274_2010_536_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11274-010-0536-y/MediaObjects/11274_2010_536_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11274-010-0536-y/MediaObjects/11274_2010_536_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11274-010-0536-y/MediaObjects/11274_2010_536_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11274-010-0536-y/MediaObjects/11274_2010_536_Fig5_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ampe FN, Omar B, Guyot JP (1999) Culture-independent quantification of physiologically active microbial groups in Mexican pozol, a lactic acid fermented dough, using rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. J Appl Microbiol 87:131–140
Benkerroum N, Misbah M, Sandine WE, Elaraki AT (1993) Development and use of a selective medium for isolation of Leuconostoc spp. from vegetable and dairy products. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:607–609
Buckenhuskes HJ (1993) Selection criteria for lactic acid bacteria to be used as starter cultures for various food commodities. FEMS Microbiol Rev 12:253–272
Caplice E, Fitzgerald GF (1999) Food fermentations: role of microorganisms in food production and preservation. Int J Food Microbiol 50:131–149
Eom HJ, Seo MD, Han SN (2007) Selection of psychrotrophic Leuconostoc spp. producing highly active dextransucrase from lactate fermented vegetables. Int J Food Microbiol 117:61–67
Erten H (1998) Metabolism of fructose as an electron acceptor by Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Process Biochem 33:735–739
Hemme D, Foucaud-Scheunemann C (2004) Leuconostoc, characteristics, use in dairy technology and prospects in functional foods. Int Dairy J 14:467–494
Kim CY, Lee JH, Kim BH, Yoo SK, Seo ES, Cho KS, Day DF, Kim D (2002) Production of mannitol using Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 7:234–236
Korakli M, Schwarz E, Wolf G, Hammes WP (2000) Production of mannitol by Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis. Adv Food Sci 22:1–4
Mundt JO (1970) Lactic acid bacteria associated with raw plant food material. J Milk Food Technol 33:550–553
Ogier JC, Casalta E, Farrock C, Saihi A (2008) Safety assessment of dairy microorganisms: the Leuconostoc genus. Int J Food Microbiol 126:286–290
Patra F, Tomar SK, Arora S (2009) Technological and functional applications of low-calorie sweeteners from lactic acid bacteria. J Food Sci 74:R16–R23
Saha CB (2006) Production of mannitol from inulin by simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and fermentation with Lactobacillus intermedius NRRL B-3693. Enzyme Microb Technol 39:991–995
Saha CB, Nakamura KL (2003) Production of mannitol and lactic acid by fermentation with Lactobacillus intermedius NRRL B-3693. Biotechnol Bioeng 82:864–871
Sanchez J (1998) Colorimetric assay of alditols in complex biological samples. J Agric Food Chem 46:157–160
Soetaert W (1990) Production of mannitol with Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Med Fac Landbouwwet Rijksuniv Gent 55:1549–1552
Soetaert W, Buchholz K, Vandamme EJ (1994) Production of d-mannitol and d-lactic acid from starch hydrolysates by fermentation with Leuconostoc mesenteroides. C R Acad Agric Fr 80:119–126
Soetaert W, Vanhooren PT, Vandamme EJ (1999) Production of mannitol by fermentation. Methods Biotechnol 10:261–275
Song SH, Vieille C (2009) Recent advances in the biological production of mannitol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84:55–62
Steinkraus KH (2002) Fermentations in world food processing. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 1:23–32
Takemura M, Iijima M, Tateno Y, Osada Y, Maruyama H (1978) Process for preparing d-mannitol. US Patent 4 083 881
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24:1596–1599
Teuber M, Geis A (1981) The family Streptococcaceae (nonmedical aspects). In: Starr MP (ed) The prokaryotes, vol 2. Springer, New York, pp 1614–1630
Vandamme EJ, van Loo J, Simkens E, De Laporte A (1987) Optimization of sucrose phosphorylase production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 39:251–262
von Weymarn N, Hujanen M, Leisola M (2002) Production of d-mannitol by heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. Process Biochem 37:1207–1213
Wisselink HW, Weusthuis RA, Eggink G, Hugenholtz J, Grobben GJ (2002) Mannitol production by lactic acid bacteria: a review. Int Dairy J 12:151–161
Yun JW, Kim DH (1998) A comparative study of mannitol production by two lactic acid bacteria. J Ferment Bioeng 85:203–208
Yun JW, Kang SC, Song SK (1996) Microbial transformation of fructose to mannitol by Lactobacillus sp. KY- 107. Biotechnol Lett 18:35–40
Acknowledgments
We express our gratitude to the Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Director, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal, for providing financial assistance and necessary facilities to carry out this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Patra, F., Tomar, S.K., Rajput, Y.S. et al. Characterization of mannitol producing strains of Leuconostoc species. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27, 933–939 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0536-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0536-y