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Copper Accumulation and its Effect on Glyoxalase System, AsA-GSH Cycle, Antioxidase Activity in Pontederia cordota Leaves

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Abstract

Whether the ascorbic acid (AsA)-(glutathione) GSH cycle and glyoxalase (Gly) system in plants synergistically cope with potentially toxic elements have scarcely ever been evaluated. Consequently, a hydroponic experiment was adopted to investigate variations in AsA-GSH cycle, Gly system, antioxidative enzyme activity, membrane permeability, and chlorophyll content in Pontederia cordata leaves with 0 ~ 5.0 mg L−1 copper (Cu2+) exposure. Cu2+ concentration immobilized in the plant roots, stems, and leaves were also evaluated. With various Cu2+ concentration exposure, approximately 51.54 ~ 69.27% Cu2+ was immobilized in the roots, accounting for the leaves defense against Cu2+. The 5.0 mg L−1 Cu2+ exposure decreased Cu2+ translocation from stems to leaves by 64.55% compared to that in the treatment of 1.0 mg L−1 Cu2+ exposure. With 1.0 ~ 5.0 mg L−1 Cu2+ exposure for 7 d and 14 d, the plant normally grew by stable chlorophyll content, and this attributed to the increased peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase activities in the leaves. And meanwhile, GSH, non-protein thiol total peptide (NPT), and phytochelatins (PCs) in the leaves significantly increased with 5.0 mg L−1 Cu2+ exposure for 7 d. With 1.0 ~ 5.0 mg L−1 Cu2+ exposure for 21 d and 28 d, chlorophyll content markedly decreased, and this resulted in chlorosis and wilting. However, Gly system did not function well in MG detoxification. Generally, to alleviate the toxic symptoms induced by Cu2+, the positive role of GSH, NPT, and PCs, while not Gly system in the leaves was observed.

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Acknowledgements

The present study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30972408), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M671509), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. And, the author also thanks the Advanced Analysis and Testing Center (AATC) of Nanjing Forestry University for their kind support, and LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Sisi Ma contributed equally to this work.

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  1. College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China

    Jianpan Xin, Sisi Ma, Hanwen Xiao & Runan Tian

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Jianpan Xin principally contributed to data analysis and paper writing and modification. Sisi Ma devoted herself to conducting the experiment and collecting the data. Runan Tian modified the article and also provide the work with funding assistance.

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Xin, J., Ma, S., Xiao, H. et al. Copper Accumulation and its Effect on Glyoxalase System, AsA-GSH Cycle, Antioxidase Activity in Pontederia cordota Leaves. Water Air Soil Pollut 235, 323 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07030-7

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