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Synthesis and Characterization of a Coagulating Agent from Plantain Peel Starch (Musa paradisiaca), as Coadjuvant in Water Treatment

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Abstract

Coagulation processes are widely used for water treatment, mainly with chemical coagulants. In this research, starch derived from a waste (unripe plantain peel, Musa paradisiaca) was used as a starting point for a chemical modification.

Through acetylation, its chemical structure was modified and characterized by infrared spectrophotometry, for its evaluation as a coadjuvant in coagulation operations to reduce the turbidity of raw water. Two experimental designs were developed to evaluate the incidence of modified starch as the main coagulant, or in conjunction with a conventional coagulant (Al2(SO4)3), at different (Al2(SO4)3)/acetylated starch ratios, in jar-test experiments.

In the first experimental design, with the acetylated starch as the main coagulant, turbidity removal percentages reached 47.93% (average value, 41.18%). For the (Al2(SO4)3)/acetylated starch coagulation process, 98.91% turbidity removal was reached in the second experimental design (average value, 97.16%). The impact of starch chemical substitution degree and the (Al2(SO4)3)/acetylated starch ratio on the final turbidity obtained in the jar-tests was determined using ANOVA test. There was a great influence of the chemical substitution degree and the concentration of acetylated starch utilized, when modified starch was used as the main coagulant. For the second experimental design, the (Al2(SO4)3)/acetylated starch ratio had a greater incidence on the turbidity removal. Thus, modified starch obtained from plantain peel waste is a promising coadjuvant material for water coagulation processes.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the support given by the Fundación Universitaria Tecnológico Comfenalco — Cartagena (Colombia), the members of the CIPTEC Research Group, and Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar for their support during the development of the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Processes and Systems Engineering Program, Fundación Universitaria Tecnológico Comfenalco, Sede B, CEDESARROLLO, Diag. 50 #30-187, Cartagena, Colombia

    Camilo Cortes-Pérez, Leymer Pérez-Montalvo & Jorge R. Puello-Silva

  2. Environmental Engineering Program. GISAH Research Group., Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar., Campus Tecnológico, Km 1 vía Turbaco., Cartagena, Colombia

    Jorgelina Pasqualino

  3. CIPTEC Research Group, Processes and Systems Engineering Program, Fundación Universitaria Tecnológico Comfenalco, Sede B, CEDESARROLLO, Diag. 50 # 30-187, Cartagena, Colombia

    Henry A. Lambis-Miranda

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  1. Camilo Cortes-Pérez
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  2. Leymer Pérez-Montalvo
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  3. Jorgelina Pasqualino
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Mr. Cortés-Pérez and Mr. Pérez-Montalvo performed the experiments. Mr. Puello-Silva provided technical support, participated in the design and interpretation of the data, supervised the research, and revised the manuscript. Dr. Pasqualino provided technical support, participated in the design and interpretation of the data, wrote the paper, and participated in the revisions of it. Mr. Lambis-Miranda conceived this research, designed and performed the experiments, participated in the design and interpretation of the data, supervised the research, wrote the paper, and participated in the revisions of it. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Henry A. Lambis-Miranda.

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The food industry worldwide produces a large amount of waste from agro-industrial raw materials. This work presents a route for the reuse of agroindustrial waste (Musa paradisiaca) to generate a boost to the circular economy. Their chemical modification for use as coadjuvant agents in water treatment is a novel alternative to progressively reduce conventional coagulating agents’ use.

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Cortes-Pérez, C., Pérez-Montalvo, L., Pasqualino, J. et al. Synthesis and Characterization of a Coagulating Agent from Plantain Peel Starch (Musa paradisiaca), as Coadjuvant in Water Treatment. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 316 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06323-7

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