Abstract
The protection of water sources and wastewater treatment are important aspects for industrial development, human health, and sustainable societies. Elimination of textile dyes and other organic pollutants from industrial wastewater is urgent and imposes considerable improvements on the current methods. Adsorption is an efficient and low-cost method in which new eco-friendly adsorbents with high adsorption capacities are needed. For designing these adsorbents, some criteria such as large surface area and high porosity are frequently desired in the scientific studies published in the literature. In this work, a series of adsorbents were systematically prepared by thermal-acid treatments of a natural kaolinite to obtain solids with different surface areas (23, 36, 351, and 594 m2/g) and porosities (micro- and mesopores). The solids were used to study the real influence of both high surface area and high porosity on the adsorption of a textile azo-dye (basic red 46) and its removal from water. Different dye concentrations, pH, and adsorbent quantities were also studied, and relatively high adsorption capacities (qm) were observed for the solids. The results showed that the adsorption of this dye is little sensitive to the surface area and porosity of the adsorbents, and it does not consistently respond to the increase of these parameters. The kinetic models (pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion) suggest the adsorption of BR-46 on external surface without mass transport in internal pores. Classical isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) were applied, and Langmuir’s model showed the best fit when a low adsorbate/adsorbent ratio was studied.
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All data and materials reported in this work support the claims and conclusions. Data were acquired by standard scientific procedures employed in the fields of solid state chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. All experiments are reproducible and reliable.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the research projects DIB 48558 and 52711 (Universidad Nacional de Colombia). This work was carried out in the Lab-DRES: Laboratorio de Diseño y Reactividad de Estructuras Sólidas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Bogotá.
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This work was financially supported by the Universidad Nacional de Colombia through the projects DIB 48558 and 52711.
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Laura Camila Paredes-Quevedo: Investigation, methodology.
Nelson J. Castellanos: Validation, data curation, formal analysis, writing and revision.
José G. Carriazo: Conceptualization, supervision, project administration, writing—original draft, visualization.
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Highlights
1. A kaolinite was modified to obtain adsorbents with high surface area and porosity.
2. High adsorption of basic red 46 on solids with different surface areas and porosity.
3. Adsorption of this dye was little sensitive to the increase of surface areas.
4. Adsorption on external surface without mass transport in internal pores.
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Paredes-Quevedo, L.C., Castellanos, N.J. & Carriazo, J.G. Influence of Porosity and Surface Area of a Modified Kaolinite on the Adsorption of Basic Red 46 (BR-46). Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 509 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05450-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05450-3