Semifluidized Bed Adsorption Column Studies for Simultaneous Removal of Aqueous Phase Pb2+ and Cd2+ by Composite Adsorbents: an Experimental and Mass Transfer Dynamic Model–Based Approach

Biswas, Subrata; Sharma, Shubham; Siddiqi, Hammad; Meikap, Bhim Charan; Sen, Tushar Kanti; Khiadani, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s11270-020-04951-x

Semifluidized Bed Adsorption Column Studies for Simultaneous Removal of Aqueous Phase Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ by Composite Adsorbents: an Experimental and Mass Transfer Dynamic Model–Based Approach

Published: 03 January 2021

Volume 232, article number 8, (2021)
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Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Subrata Biswas^1,2,
Shubham Sharma¹,
Hammad Siddiqi¹,
Bhim Charan Meikap^1,2,
Tushar Kanti Sen^2,3 &
…
Mehdi Khiadani³

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Abstract

In this present work, the performance of a semifluidized bed adsorption column has been evaluated for the removal of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ in a semi-continuous mode. The composite adsorbents have been synthesized from waste biomass–based biochar and alginate-based biopolymer. Synthesized adsorbent characterized and finally tested its effectiveness in the removal of both Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ metal ions by batch and semifluidized bed column adsorption studies. The adsorptive removal efficiencies were found to be dependent on solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose or initial bed height, static bed height, system temperature and inlet flow rate of semifluidized bed operation. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was fitted to the batch adsorption experimental data by non-linear and linear regression method and it was found that the non-linear method gives a better way of obtaining the various kinetic parameters and its applicability. A solute phase mass transfer–based dynamic model has been developed to explain the adsorptive behaviour of metal ions onto adsorbents during the semi-continuous mode of operation of a semifluidized bed system. Various mass transfer parameters and degree of dispersion coefficients for the individual packed and fluidized section were obtained from the developed model.

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Abbreviations

a :: Superficial area of the particle, m²
C ₀, C _t, C ^∗ :: Solute concentration at the initial time, any time and at equilibrium time respectively, mg/L
D _p, D _f :: Axial dispersion coefficient for packed and fluidized section respectively, m²/s
H _p, H _f, H _sf :: Height of packed, fluidized and semifluidized bed, cm
K _l :: Mass transfer coefficient, m/s
q _e, q _t :: Adsorption capacity at equilibrium and at any time, mg/g
u :: Superficial liquid velocity, cm/s
v :: Volume of effluent used, L
w :: Weight of adsorbent, g
ρ _a :: Bulk density of the material, kg/m³
ε :: Porosity of the bed

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Authors and Affiliations

Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, W. B, 721302, India
Subrata Biswas, Shubham Sharma, Hammad Siddiqi & Bhim Charan Meikap
WASM: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO BOX U 1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
Subrata Biswas, Bhim Charan Meikap & Tushar Kanti Sen
School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
Tushar Kanti Sen & Mehdi Khiadani

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Subrata Biswas
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Shubham Sharma
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Hammad Siddiqi
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Bhim Charan Meikap
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Tushar Kanti Sen
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Mehdi Khiadani
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Highlights

• Performance of a semifluidized bed adsorption column has been analyzed.

• Mass transfer–based dynamic model system has been developed and validated.

• Fast removal of heavy metals has been achieved in SFBR.

• Maximum bed capacity found 54.4 mg/g for Pb²⁺and 36.8 mg/g for Cd²⁺.

• Mass transfer parameters and dispersion coefficients have been evaluated.

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Biswas, S., Sharma, S., Siddiqi, H. et al. Semifluidized Bed Adsorption Column Studies for Simultaneous Removal of Aqueous Phase Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ by Composite Adsorbents: an Experimental and Mass Transfer Dynamic Model–Based Approach. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 8 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04951-x

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