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Oxidation Dynamics and Composition of the Flotation Plant Derived Tailing Impoundment Aquisgrana (Spain)

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Abstract

A tailing impoundment situated in the mining district of La Carolina (Spain), which stores waste resulting from the washing of Pb and Ag sulphides, was studied 30 years after it was abandoned. Fibre optic sensors were installed to record humidity, temperature, electrical conductivity and oxygen content in the pores down to a depth of 35.5 m. The oxygen profiles show an oxidised thickness of 5 m, meaning that the speed of the advancing oxidation front is estimated as 15 cm year−1. Sediment samples were obtained from different depths, and parameters such as pH, carbonates and metal(loid)s, among others, were analysed. High concentrations of As (> 500 mg kg−1), Fe (> 34,000 mg kg−1), Mn (> 900 mg kg−1), Pb (> 8000 mg kg−1) and Zn (> 5000 mg kg−1) were found. A piezometer was installed to enable the water inside the tailing pond to be sampled, and this presented high contents of SO42− (> 2400 mg L−1), Fe (> 28,000 μg L−1), Mn (> 7800 μg L−1) and Zn (> 7000 μg L−1), suggesting that the mineral leaching was related to the oscillations in the water table. The water from two drainage adits situated at the foot of the impoundment was also analysed, as well as surface water both upstream and downstream from it. The speciation-saturation models applied for these water samples indicated that in spite of the contamination potential of the impoundment, the deterioration in the quality of the river water is mainly due to the discharge from mining drains and the dissolution processes of precipitates accumulated along the riverbanks.

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Funding

This research was funded by the Government of Junta de Andalucía (Project RNM 05959) and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project CGL2013-45485-R, co-financed FEDER).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, EPSL, University of Jaen, 23700, Linares, Spain

    Diego Rojas, M. Carmen Hidalgo & Javier Rey

  2. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Plaza de España, Torre Norte, 41013, Seville, Spain

    Claus Kohfahl

  3. Department of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, EPSL, University of Jaen, 23700, Linares, Spain

    Julián Martínez

  4. Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain

    José Benavente

Authors
  1. Diego Rojas
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  2. M. Carmen Hidalgo
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  3. Claus Kohfahl
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  4. Javier Rey
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  5. Julián Martínez
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  6. José Benavente
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Correspondence to Diego Rojas.

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Rojas, D., Hidalgo, M., Kohfahl, C. et al. Oxidation Dynamics and Composition of the Flotation Plant Derived Tailing Impoundment Aquisgrana (Spain). Water Air Soil Pollut 230, 158 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4190-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4190-1

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