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Evaluation of Dissolved Organic Matter Removals through WWT and SAT Using Pilot-Scale and Lab-Scale Reactors

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Abstract

Indirect potable reuse systems, which consist of wastewater treatment (WWT) and soil aquifer treatment (SAT), offer advantages such as their low cost and the underground storage of reuse water. In this study, the dissolved organic matter (DOM) profile of a sequential treatment system (i.e. WWT followed by SAT) was investigated using a pilot-scale SAT reactor. In addition, the biological DOM removal characteristics in the vadose zone of the SAT, which were found to play an important role in DOM removal for the entire SAT, were investigated using lab-scale reactors (LSRs). Composition of the removed DOM by WWT and SAT showed that the majority fraction of the removed DOM was different for the WWT (hydrophobic neutral 27.9%) and SAT (hydrophobic acids (HoA) 29.1%), suggesting that SAT exhibits unique DOM removal characteristics that contribute to water reclamation. Biological DOM removal was confirmed using the LSRs, and changes in the DOM removal characteristics 10–20 cm from the top of the vadose zone in the LSRs were revealed on the basis of the DOM fractionation and a BIOLOG assay, suggesting that microbial activity in the lower layer of the vadose zone contributed to the unique removal of the HoA fraction in the SAT.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by CREST/JST, and we sincerely thank the Kyoto City Waterworks Bureau for their kind support of our experiments.

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Author notes

  1. Ippei Kameda

    Present address: Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd., 3-7-1, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 1000013, Japan

  2. Ryosuke Suzuki

    Present address: Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co., Ltd., 1-1-4, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, 6512241, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 6808552, Japan

    Yugo Takabe

  2. Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, Nagoya University, Furou, Chikusa, Nagoya, 4648601, Japan

    Ippei Kameda

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 6158540, Japan

    Ryosuke Suzuki, Fumitake Nishimura, Yasunari Kusuda & Sadahiko Itoh

  4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha-Utit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand

    Songkeart Phattarapattamawong

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  1. Yugo Takabe
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Correspondence to Yugo Takabe.

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Takabe, Y., Kameda, I., Suzuki, R. et al. Evaluation of Dissolved Organic Matter Removals through WWT and SAT Using Pilot-Scale and Lab-Scale Reactors. Water Air Soil Pollut 230, 127 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4182-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4182-1

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