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Morpho-physiological Tolerance Mechanisms of Talinum patens to Lead

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate lead phytotoxicity on Talinum patens and the morpho-physiological tolerance mechanisms. The following parameters were considered: germination percentage, germination speed index, root and shoot length, fresh and dry matter, lead content in tissues, enzymatic antioxidant system, proline content, lipid peroxidation, root anatomy, cytogenetic analysis, and chlorophyll fluorescence. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five concentrations: 0, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μM Pb(NO3)2 and five replicates. Exposure to Pb(NO3)2 solutions did not influence germination, shoot length, or fresh and dry matter. However, a Pb(NO3)2-dependent concentration effect was observed, which reduced cell division in the root meristematic zone (mitotic index), reducing their length. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase showed increased activity when exposed to lead, and the same effect was detected for proline content and lipid peroxidation. There was an increase in the dissipation of excess energy in photosystems, as well as an increase in epidermal thickness. Therefore, Talinum patens plants had morpho-physiological characteristics that favor their germination, development, and metal tolerance.

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Funding

The authors would like to thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the master’s scholarship and the financial aid for the purchase of the device FluorCam (PRÓ-EQUIPAMENTOS, public notice no. 11/2014); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the scientific initiation PIBICT/FAPEMIG (Veroneze Júnior, V.) and PIBIC/CNPq (Silva, J.A.) scholarships, respectively.

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  1. Institute of Nature Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Street Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, MG, CEP 37130-000, Brazil

    Guilherme Gonzales de Souza, Ana Lúcia Mendes Pinheiro, Josiele Aparecida Silva, Valdir Veroneze-Júnior, Marília Carvalho, Alexandre Carvalho Bertoli, Sandro Barbosa & Thiago Corrêa de Souza

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  1. Guilherme Gonzales de Souza
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  2. Ana Lúcia Mendes Pinheiro
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  3. Josiele Aparecida Silva
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  4. Valdir Veroneze-Júnior
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Correspondence to Thiago Corrêa de Souza.

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Gonzales de Souza, G., Mendes Pinheiro, A.L., Silva, J.A. et al. Morpho-physiological Tolerance Mechanisms of Talinum patens to Lead. Water Air Soil Pollut 229, 4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3658-0

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