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Solubilization Effect of Surfactants on Morphological Transformation of Cadmium and Pyrene in Co-Contaminated Soils

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Abstract

Four kinds of surfactants were used to increase accessibility of pyrene and cadmium (Cd) in simulated pyrene, Cd, and pyrene-Cd soils in this study. Tea saponin (TS) at 40 mg L−1 groups (exchangeable fraction of Cd and bioaccessible fraction of pyrene were 8.96 and 36.93 mg kg−1) showed more preferable potential application in improving solubilization capability than other surfactants. The morphology of Cd was transformed from Fe-Mn oxides (8.86 to 7.61 and 8.67 to 7.99 mg kg−1 in Cd and pyrene-Cd soil) and associated to carbonates fractions (4.46 to 4.36 and 4.28 to 4.36 mg kg−1 in Cd and pyrene-Cd soil) to exchangeable fraction with adding TS. These two morphological changes were important processes in the solubilization of Cd. The morphology of pyrene was transformed from associated fraction (72.15 to 61.95 and 71.02 to 63.48 mg kg−1 in pyrene and pyrene-Cd soil) to bioaccessible fraction (26.66 to 33.71 and 26.91 to 36.93 mg kg−1 in pyrene and pyrene-Cd soil) with adding TS. This morphological transformation was important in the improving of solubilization capacity of pyrene. In contrast, the solubilization of pyrene was promoted in the presence of Cd in pyrene-Cd soil (the bioaccessible fractions were 33.71 and 36.93 mg kg−1 in pyrene and pyrene-Cd soil), but the solubilization of Cd was hindered in the presence of pyrene (the exchangeable fractions of Cd were 8.86 and 8.67 mg kg−1 in Cd and pyrene-Cd soil). These findings will be beneficial for application of surfactants in soil remediation.

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Acknowledgments

The work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41373097, 41073072, 41101230, 41203051), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (No. 2013 M541506), Program for Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT13078).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of environment and chemical engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Qian Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Chuanhua Wang, Xinying Zhang, Hongbing Li, Tingru Chen, Yunyun Hou, Xueping Chen & Xia Liang

  2. College of life and environment science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China

    Chuanhua Wang

Authors
  1. Qian Wang
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  2. Xiaoyan Liu
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  3. Chuanhua Wang
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  4. Xinying Zhang
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  5. Hongbing Li
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  6. Tingru Chen
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  7. Yunyun Hou
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  8. Xueping Chen
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  9. Xia Liang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaoyan Liu.

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Highlights

• Tea saponin (TS) improved the solubilization of pyrene(PY) and Cd.

• Surfactants obviously enhanced the accessibility of PY and Cd in polluted soils.

• Surfactants changed pollutants from difficultly utilized to accessible fractions.

• Solubilization of PY was promoted in the existence of Cd in PY-Cd soil.

• Solubilization of Cd was hindered in the presence of PY in PY-Cd soil.

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Wang, Q., Liu, X., Wang, C. et al. Solubilization Effect of Surfactants on Morphological Transformation of Cadmium and Pyrene in Co-Contaminated Soils. Water Air Soil Pollut 226, 147 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2409-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2409-3

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