Abstract
A chitosan-graft-poly(N-allyl maleamic acid) hydrogel membrane was prepared by radical polymerization in the absence of a cross-linker. The product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm the formation of hydrogels. Transparent hydrogels have been observed to exhibit as much as 223.4 % swelling capacity, following pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The synthesized hydrogel membrane was subsequently utilized for removal of copper ions from an aqueous solution in the presence of several different functional groups. The effects on adsorption efficiency of various parameters such as time, temperature, pH, initial concentration of copper (II) solution, and amount of hydrogel were also investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity and efficiency were found to be 50.75 mg g−1 and 99.91 %, respectively, by the 0.004 mg adsorbent after 12 h of immersion in copper solution. Finally, the result showed that hydrogel membrane is pH sensitive to copper (II) adsorption and has maximum adsorption efficiency near to the pH of ground water.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agullo, E., Rodriguez, M. S., Ramos, V., & Albertengo, L. (2003). Present and future role of chitin and chitosan in food. Macromolecular Bioscience, 3(10), 521–530.
Bicak, N., Gazi, M., & Karagoz, B. (2006). Designed new water-soluble polymer with allyl pendant groups. Designed Monomers and Polymers, 9(2), 193–200.
Bicak, N., Senkal, B. F., & Gazi, M. (2004). Hydrogels prepared by crosslinking copolymerization of N-allyl maleamic acid with acrylamide and acrylic acid. Designed Monomers and Polymers, 7(3), 261–267.
Don, T. M., King, C. F., & Chiu, W. Y. (2002). Preparation of chitosan-graft-poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers and their adsorption of copper ion. Polymer Journal, 34(6), 418–425.
El Hadrami, A., Adam, L. R., El Hadrami, I., & Daayf, F. (2010). Review: chitosan in plant protection. Marine Drugs, 8(4), 968–987.
Ferreira, P., Coelho, J. F. J., Dos Santos, K. S. C. R., Ferreira, E. I., & Gil, M. H. (2006). Thermal characterization of chitosan grafted membranes to be used as wound dressing. Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, 25(2–3), 233–251.
Ghazy, S. E., Mahmoud, I. A., & Ragab, A. H. (2006). Removal of copper (II) from aqueous solutions by flotation using polyaluminum chloride silicate as coagulant and carbonate ion as activator. Environmental Technology, 27(1), 53–61.
Hosseinzadeh, H. (2011). Synthesis of a chitosan-based superabsorbing hydrogel for controlled release of gentamicin. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 1(5), 93–96.
Li, N., & Bai, R. B. (2005). Copper adsorption on chitosan–cellulose hydrogel beads: behaviors and mechanisms. Separation and Purification Technology, 42(3), 237–247.
Liu, C., Bai, R., & Hong, L. (2006). Diethylenetriamine-grafted poly(glycidyl methacrylate) adsorbent for effective copper ion adsorption. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 303(1), 99–108.
McKay, G., Otterburn, M. S., & Aga, J. A. (1985). Fuller's earth and fired clay as adsorbents for dyestuffs: equilibrium and rate studies. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 24(3), 307–322.
Pourjavadi, A., & Mahdavinia, G. R. (2006). Superabsorbency, pH-sensitivity and swelling kinetics of partially hydrolyzed chitosan-g-poly(acrylamide) hydrogels. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 30(5), 595–608.
Rinaudo, M. (2006). Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications. Progress in Polymer Science, 31(7), 603–632.
Saber-Samandari, S., & Gazi, M. (2013). Removal of mercury (II) from aqueous solution using chitosan-graft-polyacrylamide semi-IPN hydrogels. Separation Science and Technology, 48(9), 1382–1390.
Saber-Samandari, S., Gazi, M., & Yilmaz, E. (2012a). UV-induced synthesis of chitosan-g-polyacrylamide semi-IPN superabsorbent hydrogels.Polymer. Bulletin, 68(6), 1623–1639.
Saber-Samandari, S., Yilmaz, O., & Yilmaz, E. (2012b). Photoinduced graft copolymerization onto chitosan under heterogeneous conditions. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry, 49(7), 591–598.
Sampranpiboon, P., & Charnkeitkong, P. (2010). Equilibrium isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic studies of lead adsorption onto pineapple and paper waste sludges.International. Journal of Energy and Environment, 4(3), 88–98.
Sinha, V. R., Singla, A. K., Wadhawan, S., Kaushik, R., Kumria, R., Bansal, K., & Dhawan, S. (2004). Chitosan microsphere as a potential carrier for drugs. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 274(1–2), 1–33.
Acknowledgments
This study was financially supported by the TRNC Ministry of Education Support Program for Scientific Research in Higher Education Institutes and Eastern Mediterranean University (MEKB-06-20).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saber-Samandari, S., Gazi, M. & Yilmaz, O. Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-graft-Poly(N-Allyl Maleamic Acid) Hydrogel Membrane. Water Air Soil Pollut 224, 1624 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1624-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1624-z