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Sorption, Fate, and Mobility of Sulfonamides in Soils

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Abstract

Sulfonamides (SAs) are one of the broadly used antibiotics in domestic animal operations and have a notable potential of entering the environment through animal manure management practices. In this study, sulfamethazine (SMZ) was used as a prototype to study the sorption, fate, and transport of SAs in soil–water systems using batch and miscible-displacement experiments. Sulfamethazine was degraded to a polar metabolite (PM). The batch experiments indicated that the linear sorption partitioning coefficient (K d ) values for the PM ranged from 7.5 to 206.2 L kg−1. Strong relationships between the sorption of PM and various soil fractions and organic matter were also observed. The miscible-displacement experiments showed that 33–70% of SMZ was degraded within 6 h during transport in the soil columns. Also, 69–99.7% of SMZ and PM were recovered in the effluents suggesting their high mobility. Also, the simultaneous degradation, sorption, and transport of SMZ and PM were described using a two-site chemical nonequilibrium fate and transport model, using the K d values obtained from the batch experiments. The parameters of this model were uniquely estimated using a global optimization strategy, the stochastic ranking evolutionary strategy.

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Acknowledgments

This research was based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0730492. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors also wish to express gratitude to Barbara K. Magelky and Colleen M. Pfaff for their contributions to the experimental work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    Zhaosheng Fan

  2. Department of Soil Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Francis X. M. Casey

  3. Animal Metabolism and Agricultural Chemicals Research Unit, Biosciences Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Heldur Hakk & Gerald L. Larsen

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Dept. # 2470, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA

    Eakalak Khan

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  1. Zhaosheng Fan
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Correspondence to Eakalak Khan.

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Fan, Z., Casey, F.X.M., Hakk, H. et al. Sorption, Fate, and Mobility of Sulfonamides in Soils. Water Air Soil Pollut 218, 49–61 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0623-6

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