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Always Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth: Community Organisations Controlling Assets

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Abstract

The idea of community-based organisations (CBOs) owning or managing physical assets, such as land or buildings, has a long history in many countries. This paper examines policy and practice in the UK where there has been significant interest in this field. A variety of benefits have been attributed to the role of assets including motivating community engagement, providing a vehicle for outsourcing public services, or creating financially sustainable organisations. The empirical research reveals there is a heterogeneous set of CBOs holding assets, but the majority of them are small with few paid staff. The analysis proposes a spectrum of CBO types in the field. It concludes that policy makers will need to recognise that these types are informed by contrasting traditions, ideas and operating logics that affect their different practices and resource dependencies.

Résumé

L’idée d’organismes communautaires possédant ou gérant des actifs matériels, tels que des terrains ou des immeubles, existe depuis longtemps dans de nombreux pays. Cet article étudie les politiques et les pratiques au Royaume-Uni, où il existe un intérêt important dans ce domaine. Plusieurs avantages ont été attribués au rôle des actifs, notamment motiver l’engagement communautaire, fournir un outil pour l’externalisation des services publics et la création d’organismes viables sur le plan financier. Les recherches empiriques révèlent qu’il existe un ensemble hétérogène d’organismes communautaires détenant des biens, mais que la plupart sont de petite taille avec peu de personnel rémunéré. L’analyse propose un éventail de types d’organismes communautaires dans ce domaine. Elle conclut que les décideurs politiques devront reconnaitre que ces types sont guidés par des traditions, des idées et des logiques de fonctionnement opposées qui affectent leurs différentes pratiques et dépendances des ressources.

Zusammenfassung

Das Konzept gemeinschaftsbasierter Organisationen, die Sachwerte besitzen oder verwalten, zum Beispiel Grundstücke oder Gebäude, ist ein traditionelles Konzept in vielen Ländern. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Grundsätze und Praxis in Großbritannien, wo ein großes Interesse an diesem Bereich besteht. Die Rolle, die diese Sachwerte spielen, bringt eine Reihe von Vorteilen mit sich, zum Beispiel die Motivation zum Engagement der Gemeinschaft, die Bereitstellung eines Vehikels zum Outsourcing von öffentlichen Dienstleistungen und die Schaffung finanziell nachhaltiger Organisationen. Die empirische Studie belegt, dass es eine heterogene Reihe von gemeinschaftsbasierten Organisationen gibt, die über Sachwerte verfügen, es sich bei der Mehrzahl jedoch um kleine Organisationen mit wenigen bezahlten Mitarbeitern handelt. Die Analyse schlägt ein Spektrum von Typen gemeinschaftsbasierter Organisationen in dem Bereich vor. Man kommt zu dem Schluss, dass politische Entscheidungsträger erkennen müssen, dass diese Typen von gegensätzlichen Traditionen, Vorstellungen und Betriebslogiken beeinflusst werden, die sich auf ihre unterschiedlichen Praktiken und Ressourcenabhängigkeiten auswirken.

Resumen

La idea de organizaciones basadas en la comunidad (CBO, del inglés community-based organisations) que posean o gestionen activos físicos, tales como terrenos o edificios, tiene una larga historia en muchos países. El presente documento examina la política y práctica en el Reino unido donde ha existido un significativo interés en este campo. Se han atribuido una variedad de beneficios al papel de los activos, entre ellos, motivación del compromiso comunitario, proporción de un vehículo para subcontratar servicios públicos o crear organizaciones sostenibles financieramente. La investigación empírica revela que existe un conjunto heterogéneo de CBO que poseen activos, pero la mayoría de ellas son pequeñas con poco personal pagado. El análisis propone un espectro de tipos de CBO en este campo. Concluye que será necesario que los responsables políticos reconozcan que estos tipos están basados en tradiciones, ideas y lógicas operativas opuestas que afectan a sus diferentes prácticas y dependencias de recursos.

Chinese

社区组织(CBO)持有或管理有形资产,例如,土地或建筑,的想法在许多国家由来已久。本文详细研究了已涉足此项领域多时的英国的政策和做法。资产已催生多项福利,其中包括,调动社区参与积极性,设立公共服务外包平台或创建财务可持续组织。经验性研究表明,持有资产的社区组织可谓鱼龙混杂,但多数规模较小,员工人数不多。经过分析,本文列出了多种社区组织。文章最后认为,政策制定者需要明确,通过比对影响社区组织不同做法和资源依赖性的传统,想法和经营逻辑,即可了解社区组织的种类。

Arabic

فكرة المنظمات المرتكزة على المجتمع (CBOs) إمتلاك أو إدارة أصول مادية، مثل الأراضي أو المباني، لديها تاريخ طويل في العديد من البلدان. يدرس هذا البحث السياسات والممارسات في المملكة المتحدة حيث كان هناك إهتمام كبير في هذا المجال. نسبت مجموعة متنوعة من الفوائد التي تعود على دورالأصول بما في ذلك: تحفيز المشاركة المجتمعية، توفير وسيلة للإستعانة بمصادر خارجية للخدمات العامة أو إنشاء منظمات مستدامة ماليا˝. تكشف البحوث التجريبية هناك مجموعة غير متجانسة من المنظمات المرتكزة على المجتمع (CBOs) لديها أصول ولكن الغالبية منهم صغيرة مع عدد قليل من الموظفين بأجور. يقترح التحليل مجموعة متنوعة من أنواع المنظمات المرتكزة على المجتمع (CBOs) في هذا المجال. يستنتج أن واضعي السياسات لابد أن يدركوا أن هذه الأنواع على علم بتقاليد متناقضة ٬ أفكار ومنطق تشغيل الذي يؤثر على ممارساتها المختلفة وتبعيات الموارد.

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Notes

  1. The English phrase ‘never look a gift horse in the mouth’, suggests that the recipient of a gift should never look at it too closely as this implies a lack of appreciation. However, our respondent felt that in the case of community land or buildings, appreciation could be costly and it was very unwise to take a gift on trust.

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Aiken, M., Taylor, M. & Moran, R. Always Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth: Community Organisations Controlling Assets. Voluntas 27, 1669–1693 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-015-9572-4

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