Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Serum sialic acid and oxidative stress parameters changes in cattle with leptospirosis

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Veterinary Research Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study was designed to disclose some indicators of oxidative stress and inflammation in natural cases of bovine leptospirosis. For this purpose, 12 bulls exhibiting clinical signs of leptospirosis and 10 healthy bulls were used. Animals were subjected to thorough clinical examination and the clinical signs were recorded. All animals were blood sampled in order to determine serum total sialic acid (TSA), lipid bound sialic acid (LBSA), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), albumin and glucose. Urine samples were collected from each animal and examined under dark-field microscope to observe spirochetes. Diseased animals exhibited clinical signs suggesting leptospirosis and the diagnosis was supported by positive dark-field microscope examination. Mean TSA (mmol/L), LBSA (mmol/L), TP (g/dl), albumin (g/dl), glucose (mg/dl), MDA (μmol/L), GSH (mg/dl), NO (nmol/ml), and UA (mg/L) levels were 1.63 ± 0.02, 0.40 ± 0.10, 7.18 ± 0.24, 3.23 ± 0.5, 64.96 ± 1.88, 5.71 ± 0.11, 78.68 ± 0.72, 7.94 ± 0.34, and 8.75 ± 0.41 in healthy bulls, and 2.50 ± 0.05, 0.70 ± 0.2, 9.27 ± 0.17, 2.55 ± 0.62, 107.93 ± 2.52, 8.82 ± 0.14, 47.85 ± 1.85, 14.57 ± 0.63 and 15.85 ± 0.80 in leptospirosis cases, respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Increased TSA, LBSA, MDA, NO, UA, TP, glucose and decreased GSH and albumin concentrations were suggestive of inflammation and oxidative stress in diseased bulls. The results obtained may suggest that oxidative damage along with other mechanisms might have taken part in the pathogenesis of bovine leptospirosis and further detailed studies are needed to fully understand the mechanism(s) of the disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

WHO:

World Health Organisation

SA:

sialic acid

LBSA:

lipid bound sialic acid

MDA:

malondialdehyde

GSH:

reduced glutathione

NO:

nitric oxide

iNOS:

inducible nitric oxide synthase

TP:

total protein

UA:

uric acid

References

  • Alves, V.A.F., Gayotto, L.C.C., Yasuda, P.H., Wakamatsu, A., Kanamura, C.T., Brito, T. 1991. Leptospiral antigens (L. interrogans serogroup ictero-haemorrhagiae) in the kidney of experimentally infected guinea pigs and their relation to the pathogenesis of the renal injury. Experimental Pathology, 42: 81–93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beutler, E., Duran, O., Kelley, B.M. 1963. Improved method for determination of blood glutathione. Journal of Laboratory Clinical Medicine, 61: 882–888.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bharti, A.R., Nally, J.E., Ricaldi, J.N., Matthias, M.A., Diaz, M.M., Lovett, M.A., Levett, P.N., Gilman, R.H., Willig, M.R., Gotuzzo, E., Vinetz, J.M.; Peru-United States Leptospirosis Consortium. 2003. Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infection Diseases, 3: 757–771.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourdon, E., Blache, D. 2001. The importance of proteins in defence against oxidation. Antioxidant and Redox Signaling, 3: 293–311.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bourdon, E., Loreau, N., Blache, D. 1999. Glucose and free radicals impair the antioxidant properties of serum albumin. FASEB Journal, 13: 233–244.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrillo-Vico, A., Lardone, P.J., Naji, L., Fernandez-Santos, J.M., Martin-Lacave, I., Guerrero, J.M., Calvo, J.R. 2005. Beneficial pleiotropic actions of melatonin in an experimental model of septic shock in mice: regulation of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine network, protection against oxidative damage and anti-apoptotic effects. Journal of Pineal Research, 39: 400–408.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daher, E.F., Brunetta, D.M., Silva Junior, G.B., Puster, R.A., Patrocinio, R.M.S.V. 2003. Pancreatic involvement in fatal human leptospirosis: clinical and histopathological features. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, 45: 307–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diament, D., Brunialti, M.K., Romero, E.C., Kallas, E.G., Salomao, R. 2002. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation induced by Leptospira interrogans glycolipoprotein. Infection and Immunity, 70: 1677–1683.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, B., Stocker, R., Ames, B.N. 1988. Antioxidant defences and lipid peroxidation in human blood plasma. Proceeding of National Academy of Science, 85: 9748–9752.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glantzounis, G.K., Salacinski, H.J., Yang, W., Davidson, B.R., Seifalian, A.M. 2005. The contemporary role of antioxidant therapy in attenuating liver ischemia-reperfusion injury: A review. Liver Transplantation, 11: 1031–1047.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haq, M., Haq, S., Tutt, P., Crook, M. 1993. Serum total sialic acid and lipid-associated sialic acid in normal induvals patients with myocardial infarction and their relationship to acute phase proteins. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 30: 383–386.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalaiselvi, T., Panneersalvam, C. 1998. Effect of L-carnitine on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in aging rats. Journal of Nutrition and Biochemistry, 9: 575–581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W., Bruss, M.L. 1997. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 5th ed. Academic Press, London. UK., pp. 129–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katopodis, N., Stock, C. 1980. Improved method to determine lipid bound sialic acid in plasma or serum. Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology, 30: 171–180.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keles, I., Ertekin, A., Karaca, M., Ekin, S., Akkan, H.A. 2000. Studies on serum sialic acid and lipid-bound sialic acid in cattle with leptospirosis. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Yuzuncu Yil, 11: 121–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lomar, A.V., Diament, D., Torres, J.R. 2000. Leptospirosis in Latin America. Infection and Diseases Clinical North American, 14: 23–39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S.H., Kim, K.A., Park, Y.G., Seong, I.W., Kim, M.J., Lee, Y.J. 2000. Identification and partial characterization of a novel hemolysin from Leptospira interrogans serovar lai. Gene, 254: 19–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levett, P.N. 2001. Leptospirosis. Clinical Microbiology Review, 14: 296–326.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miranda, K.M., Espey, M.G., Wink, D.A. 2001. A rapid, simple spectrophotometric method for simultaneous detection of nitrate and nitrite. Nitric Oxide, 5: 62–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Motoi, Y., Kimura, Y., Wakamatsu, H., Shimbayashi, K. 1984. Determination and clinical evaluation of sialic acid and mucoprotein in bovine blood. National Institute of Animal Health, 37: 643–649.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maciel, E.A., Athanazio, D.A., Reis, E.A., Cunha, F.Q., Queiroz, A., Almeida, D., McBride, A.J., Ko, A.I., Reis, M.G. 2006. High serum nitric oxide levels in patients with severe leptospirosis. Acta Tropica, 100: 256–260.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marangoni, A., Accardo, S., Aldini, R., Guardigli, M., Cavrini, F., Sambri, V., Montagnani, M., Roda, A., Cevenini, R. 2006. Production of reactive oxygen species and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat isolated Kupffer cells stimulated by Leptospira interrogans and Borrelia burgdorferi. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 12: 3077–81.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plank, R., Dean, D. 2000. Overview of the epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis of Leptospira spp. in humans. Microbes and Infection, 2: 1265–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn, P.J., Carter, M.E., Markey, B., Carter, G.R. 1994. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. 1st ed. Wolfe Publishing, London, UK. pp. 292–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C., Gay, C.C. 1994. Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 8th ed. Baillaire Tindall, London, UK. pp. 884–908.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schauer, R. 1982. Chemistry, metabolism and biological functions of sialic acid. Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry, 40: 131–234.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, B., Choudhuri, P.C., Joshi, H.C. 1980. Serum mucoprotein and sialic acid enzootic bovine haematuria. Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A, 27: 678–681.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sitprija, V., Pipatanagul, V., Mertowidjojo, K., Boonpucknavig, V., Boonpucknavig, S. 1980. Pathogenesis of renal disease in leptospirosis: Clinical and experimental studies. Kidney International, 17: 827–836.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stefenelli, N., Klotz, H., Engel, A., Bauer, P. 1985. Serum Sialic acid in malignant tumours, bacterial infections and chronic liver diseases. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 109: 55–59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sydow, G. 1985. A simplified quick method for determination of Sialic acid in serum. Biomedica Biochemica Acta, 44: 1721–1723.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taniuchi, K., Chifu, K., Hayashi, N., Nakamachi, Y., Yamaguchi, N., Miyamoto, Y., Doi, K., Baba, S., Uchida, Y., Tsukada, Y., Sugimori, T. 1981. A new enzymatic method for the determination of sialic acid in serum and its application for a marker of acute phase reactants. Kobe Journal of Medical Science, 27: 91–102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J.C., Manktelow, B.W. 1989. Pathogenesis of renal lesions in haemoglobinaemic and non-haemoglobinaemic leptospirosis. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 101: 201–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thougaard, A.V., Hellmen, E., Jensen, A.L. 1998. Total serum sialic acid is a general disease marker rather than a specific tumour marker in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Medicine-A, 45: 471–479.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, C.W., Wu, M.S., Pan, M.J., Hong, J.J., Yu, C.C., Vandewalle, A., Huang, C.C. 2000. Leptospira outer membrane protein activates NF-kappaB and downstream genes expressed in medullary thick ascending limb cells. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 11: 2017–2026.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, C.W., Wu, M.S., Pan, M.J. 2001. Leptospirosis renal disease. Nephrology Dialyses Transplantation, 16 Supplements 5: 73–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshoiko, T., Kawada, T. 1979. Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism against actived-oxygen toxicity in the blood. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 135: 372–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waring, W.S. 2002. Uric acid: an important antioxidant in acute ischaemic stroke. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 95: 691–693.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werts, C., Tapping, R.I., Mathison, J.C., Chuang, T.H., Kravchenko, V., Saint Girons, I., Haake, D.A., Godowski, P.J., Hayashi, F., Ozinsky, A., Underhill, D.M., Kirschning, C.J., Wagner, H., Aderem, A., Tobias, P.S., Ulevitch R.J. 2001. Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism. Nature Immunology, 2: 346–352.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO). 1999. Leptospirosis worldwide. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 74: 237–242.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey

    H. M. Erdogan, M. Citil & E. Uzlu

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey

    M. Karapehlivan & O. Atakisi

  3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey

    A. Unver

Authors
  1. H. M. Erdogan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Karapehlivan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Citil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. O. Atakisi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. E. Uzlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Unver
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. M. Erdogan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Erdogan, H.M., Karapehlivan, M., Citil, M. et al. Serum sialic acid and oxidative stress parameters changes in cattle with leptospirosis. Vet Res Commun 32, 333–339 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-008-9036-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-008-9036-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation