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In Situ Observation of Crystal Grain Orientation During Scuffing Process of Steel Surface Using Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction

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Abstract

Scuffing is a catastrophic failure that causes significant surface damages such as plastic flow and welding with a marked increase in friction, wear, temperature and noise. In this study, variations in the crystal grain structure of a steel surface was analysed in situ during the scuffing process using a synchrotron X-ray diffraction system, combined with a visible camera and a near-infrared thermometer. The in situ observation system was synchronously operated to capture a contact area between a rotating sapphire ring and a stationary bearing steel pin. The Debye–Scherrer ring diffracted from the contact area was captured by a two-dimensional detector. The scuffing behaviour could be classified as either micro scuffing or macro scuffing. During the micro scuffing period, plastic flow occurred intermittently with a significant temperature rise of approximately 1000 °C. During the macro scuffing period, heat was continuously generated over the contact area. When plastic flow occurred, the captured Debye–Scherrer ring indicated the orientation of crystal grains as well as a phase transformation from martensite to austenite. This study constitutes the first in-situ observation of the behaviour of crystal grains in the dynamic recrystallisation process occurring during the scuffing process.

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Acknowledgements

The scuffing test was conducted at the Toyota beamline BL33XU of SPring-8 with the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No. 2014B7021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan

    K. Yagi & J. Sugimura

  2. International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I²CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan

    K. Yagi & J. Sugimura

  3. Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, 480-1192, Japan

    T. Izumi, S. Sanda, S. Yamaguchi & M. Tohyama

  4. Department of Hydrogen Energy Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan

    J. Koyamachi

  5. Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, 471-8572, Japan

    K. Satio

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  1. K. Yagi
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Yagi, K., Izumi, T., Koyamachi, J. et al. In Situ Observation of Crystal Grain Orientation During Scuffing Process of Steel Surface Using Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction. Tribol Lett 68, 115 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-020-01357-y

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