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Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Carbon Nanostructures Formed on AISI 316 Stainless Steel Substrates

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Abstract

Carbon nanostructures were directly grown onto standard AISI 316 stainless steel by spray pyrolysis of α-pinene, a biorenewable material. Two different nanostructures were formed: (1) multi-walled carbon nanotubes when using ferrocene as an external catalyst mixed with α-pinene and (2) ribbon carbon nanofibers when using only α-pinene. In both cases, homogeneous layers of carbon nanostructures randomly distributed and completely covering the metal substrate were observed. Carbon nanotube films were thicker (~230 μm) than carbon nanofiber films (~180 μm). A significant friction reduction was observed for both structures; however, carbon nanofibers displayed a lower friction coefficient (~0.15) than carbon nanotubes (~0.20) at 5 N of load for 200 and 2000 cycles. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses of the wear tracks reveal that, upon rubbing, both carbon nanostructures experienced the removal of stacking faults developing large, parallel and smooth graphene layers with low interfacial shear strength which may account for the friction reduction and wear protection observed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT—Proyecto Ciencia Básica 241536) for the financial support to carry out this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio V1, Ciudad Universitaria, 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Reynier Suárez-Martínez, Teoxahual Ocampo-Macias & Javier Lara-Romero

  2. Institute for Metalurgical Research, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    José Lemus-Ruiz

  3. Department of Projects Engineering, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico

    Omar Jiménez-Alemán

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico

    Fernando Chiñas-Castillo

  5. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tribology Group, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba

    Roberto Sagaro-Zamora

  6. Materials Department, CINVESTAV, Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico

    Sergio Jiménez-Sandoval

  7. Nanotechnology National Laboratory, CIMAV, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico

    Francisco Paraguay-Delgado

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  1. Reynier Suárez-Martínez
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  2. Teoxahual Ocampo-Macias
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  3. Javier Lara-Romero
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  9. Francisco Paraguay-Delgado
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Correspondence to Javier Lara-Romero.

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Suárez-Martínez, R., Ocampo-Macias, T., Lara-Romero, J. et al. Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Carbon Nanostructures Formed on AISI 316 Stainless Steel Substrates. Tribol Lett 64, 36 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-016-0769-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-016-0769-5

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