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Elicitation of medicinally-valuable secondary metabolites, enzymatic, and antioxidant activity using chitin and yeast extract in callus cultures of Ammi visnaga L.

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Abstract

Ammi visnaga L. is valuable for its medicinal properties throughout the world. This study considered how different concentrations of chitin (CHI) and yeast extract (YE) (0, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1) can elicit different biochemical traits in khella callus culture. HPLC analysis was carried out for valuable phytochemicals in khella, including khellol glucoside (KG), khellin (KH), and visnagin (VS). The highest amounts of KG (42.12 µg g−1 DW) and KH (39.4 µg g−1) were achieved in response to CHI concentrations lower than 500 mg L−1, and the highest amount of VS (14.77 µg g−1 DW) was obtained in response to YE concentrations lower than 1000 mg L−1. The highest H2O2 accumulation content (1.82 µmol g−1 FW) and malondialdehyde content (1.40 µmol g−1 FW) occurred in response to CHI concentrations below 1000 mg L−1. The maximum values of total phenolics (402.1 mg GAE g−1 FW), total flavonoids (271.98 mg QE g−1 FW), total flavonols (27.81 mg QE g−1 FW), and calli growth rate (0.14 mm day−1) were observed at 500 mg L−1 YE. Meanwhile, the highest activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (113.05 U mg−1 protein), catalase (8.75 U mg−1 protein), and polyphenol oxidase (0.068 µmol U mg−1 protein) occurred at 500 mg L−1 CHI, 250 mg L−1 CHI, and 250 mg L−1 YE, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity through DPPH activity (69.12%) and FRAP (0.008 µmol mg−1 extract) were achieved in response to YE concentrations lower than 1000 mg L−1 and CHI concentrations lower than 500 mg L−1 CHI. Optimal doses of CHI and YE for the elicitation of phenolic compounds, KG, KH, and VS accumulation can be used for scaling up the economic production of these medicinal compounds through khella callus culture.

Key Message

The elicitation effects of yeast extract and chitin evaluated on medicinally secondary metabolites and enzymatic antioxidants activity through callus culture.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran for supporting this work. The authors thank Associate Professor Dr. Neslihan Beyazit (Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Turkey) who isolated and purified khellin and visnagin from Ammi visnaga L. fruits.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Esfahān, Iran

    Reihaneh Akbary & Pooran Golkar

  2. Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Esfahān, Iran

    Pooran Golkar

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  1. Reihaneh Akbary
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  2. Pooran Golkar
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RA carried out all the experiment work and collected the data. PG guided the experiment, data analysis, writing the manuscript, and final editing.

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Correspondence to Pooran Golkar.

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Akbary, R., Golkar, P. Elicitation of medicinally-valuable secondary metabolites, enzymatic, and antioxidant activity using chitin and yeast extract in callus cultures of Ammi visnaga L.. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 154, 689–702 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02543-1

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