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Copper nanoparticles enhanced surface disinfection, induction and maturation of somatic embryos in tuberous begonias (Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss) cultured in vitro

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Abstract

The sterilization effectiveness of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) replaced common disinfectants such as mercury chloride (HgCl2) or calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2) on different explants (petioles—P, inflorescence—F and stem nodes—S) of ex vitro tuberous begonias (Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss) was investigated. Subsequently, the P, F and S explants were cut transversely into thin cell layer (tTCL) approximately 1 mm in length (P-tTCL, F-tTCL and S-tTCL) and cultured on SE induction medium in order to investigate the effect of disinfectants on somatic embryogenesis, somatic embryo morphology, antioxidant activity (Catalase—CAT and Ascorbate Peroxidase—APX), and carbohydrate content (sugar and starch) of somatic embryos and their subsequent growth. The results showed that CuNPs can replace HgCl2 and Ca(ClO)2 and are effective in surface disinfection of P, F and S explants. CuNPs enhanced embyrogenic callus and somatic embryogenesis of treated explants compared to those on HgCl2 and Ca(ClO)2. CuNP-treated F-tTCL and S-tTCL explants recorded the highest number of somatic embryos (38.00–36.67 embryos, respectively) as well as the percentage of somatic embryos in cotyledon-shape (47.37–49.09%, respectively). Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT and APX) and starch content of somatic embryo clusters derived from CuNPs-treated F-tTCL and S-tTCL explants were higher and the sugar content was lower as compared to those sterilizated with HgCl2 or Ca(ClO)2. Plantlets derived from different different disinfectant treatments showed no difference in morphology, in vitro rooting and acclimatization stages in the greenhouse.

Key message

Surface disinfection efficiency of CuNPs on ex vitro begonia explants compared to those of common disinfectants.

CuNPs effected on somatic embryogenesis, antioxidant activity, carbohydrate content.

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Abbreviations

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

Ca(ClO)2 :

Calcium hypochlorite

CuNPs:

Copper nanoparticles

tTCL:

Explant cut into transverse thin cell layer

P-tTCL:

Petiole explant cut tTCL

F-tTCL:

Inflorescence explant cut tTCL

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

HgCl2 :

Mercury chloride

NaOCl:

Sodium hypochlorite

SD:

Surface disinfection

S-tTCL:

Stem node explant cut tTCL

CAT:

Catalase

APX:

Ascorbate Peroxidase

EC:

Embyrogenic callus

SE:

Somatic embryos

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Funding

This research was supported by Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology under Grant Number NCXS01.03/22–24. The authors would like to thank Prof. Chendanda Chinnappa (Calgary University) for critical reading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, VAST, Dalat, Vietnam

    Huynh Gia Bao, Hoang Thanh Tung, Hoang Thi Van, Le The Bien, Hoang Dac Khai, Nguyen Thi Nhu Mai, Vu Quoc Luan, Do Manh Cuong & Duong Tan Nhut

  2. Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Huynh Gia Bao, Hoang Thanh Tung & Duong Tan Nhut

  3. Dalat University, Dalat, Vietnam

    Nguyen Ba Nam

  4. HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam

    Bui Van The Vinh

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Contributions

HGB and HTT acquired data wrote the manuscript. HTV, LTB, HDK, NTNM, VQL, DMC and NBN participated in performing the experiments, interpretation of data and revision for intellectual content. DTN, HTT and BVTV conceptualized and designed the study. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hoang Thanh Tung, Bui Van The Vinh or Duong Tan Nhut.

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Bao, H.G., Tung, H.T., Van, H.T. et al. Copper nanoparticles enhanced surface disinfection, induction and maturation of somatic embryos in tuberous begonias (Begonia × tuberhybrida Voss) cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 151, 385–399 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-022-02360-y

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