Abstract
The complex plant body is created by means of an elaborate system that dictates the differentiation of cells with distinctive features as well as proper growth and development. We have reviewed the literature-reported experimental evidence for post-translational modifications (PTM)s that modulate plant differentiation. We found that phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, acetylation, and methylation are associated with plant differentiation. Phosphorylation mediated by MAPK within cytoplasm and nucleus facilitates plant differentiation. Convergence between phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and deacetylation is displayed in transcription repressor complexes modulating stem daughter, germ cell, and leaf differentiation. Reversible phosphorylation and deubiquitination made the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of PIN auxin transporters which supported the precise PIN-mediated auxin transport dynamic. The participation of several PTM types during plant cell differentiation suggests a new layer in the plant cell differentiation process. Efforts to develop deep mass spectrometry-based PTM identification could facilitate deciphering the interconnection of the variety of PTMs in this field.
Key message
Comprehensive revision of post-translational modifications associated with plant differentiation yields several post-translational modifications linked with molecular and cellular mechanisms modulating plant cell differentiation. Post-translational modification-enrichment coupled to advanced proteomics provide the resource for further discovery in this plant differentiation new layer.
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Abbreviations
- SHR:
-
Shortroot
- TOM7:
-
Target of monopteros7
- E2F:
-
E2 factor
- DPB:
-
DP‐related genes
- CDKA:
-
Cyclin-dependent kinase A
- CycD3:
-
Cyclin-D3
- SCF:
-
SKP1-CUL1-F-box
- SKP2A:
-
S-Phase kinase-associated protein 2A
- BASL:
-
Breaking of asymmetry in the stomatal lineage
- SPCH:
-
Speechless
- EPF1:
-
Epidermal patterning factor1
- ERL1:
-
Erecta-Like1
- HDAC:
-
Histone deacetylase
- TPL/TPR:
-
Corepressors recruitment of topless/topless-related
- WOX5:
-
Wuschel5
- SPL:
-
Sporocytless
- TIE1:
-
TPC Interactor containing EAR Motif Protein1
- NFC103/MSI1:
-
MSI type nucleosome/chromatin assembly factor C/ Multicopy Suppressor of Ira1
- SNL1/SIN3-like:
-
Swi-Independent3-Like1/Swi-Independent3-Like1
- GEM:
-
GL2 expression modulator
- PAS2:
-
Antiphosphatase Pasticcino2
- DGL1:
-
Defective glycosylation1
- GCS1:
-
α-Glucosidase1
- mTOR:
-
Mammalian target of rapamycin
- PP2A:
-
Protein phosphatase 2A
- TAP46:
-
2A Phosphatase associated Protein46
- DUB:
-
Deubiquitinating enzymes
- VND7:
-
Vascular-related NAC Domain7
- TMT:
-
Tandem mass tag
- iTRAQ:
-
Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation
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This work was supported by the National Council of Science and Technology (FS-1515 to Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas).
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Communicated by Manoj Prasad.
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Aguilar-Hernández, V., Brito-Argáez, L., Galaz-Ávalos, R.M. et al. Post-translational modifications drive plant cell differentiation. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 143, 1–12 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01908-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01908-0
Keywords
- Plant
- Differentiation
- Post-translational modification
- Protein activity
- Protein stability