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In vitro morphogenic responses of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) Harms) accessions to plant growth regulators

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Abstract

Morphogenic responses of two accessions of African yam bean to different concentrations of plant growth regulator supplements to Murashige and Skoog basal medium was investigated to develop a more efficient regeneration system. Mature embryo explants were cultured on growth regulator-free and BAP + NAA supplemented media. Nodal cuttings excised from 4-week old shoots of the regenerated embryos were cultured on media containing varying concentrations and combinations of 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), kinetin and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Growth regulator-free medium favored embryo regeneration and growth over supplemented media and both enhanced shoot regeneration and rooting, but could not induce multiple shoot formation on embryo explants. Multiple shoots were produced by nodal explants and the highest average number of shoots (5.3 ± 2.3), leaves (7.7 ± 3.6), roots (3.7 ± 2.9) and root length (3.1 ± 0.0 cm) were obtained on a medium with 0.6 mg l−1 BAP + 0.03 mg l−1 NAA for accession TSs154, while in TSs5, highest number of shoots (3.2 ± 2.5) and leaves (5.9 ± 1.5) were induced by 2.0 mg l−1 Kinetin + 0.05 mg l−1 NAA. Such differential morphogenic responses to culture media underline the genotypic control of in vitro propagation of this crop. Embryo and nodal explants rooted directly on shoot regeneration media, and regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized. The efficient regeneration system obtained will enhance genetic improvement of African yam bean by facilitating molecular genetic transformation for advanced breeding.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the management of the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria, for making their in vitro Culture Laboratory facilities available for this study.

Authors contribution

Ogunsola K.E., Designed the experiment, monitored and coordinated the research activities, carried out parts of the data analysis and wrote the manuscript; Ojuederie O.B., Sourced the African yam bean seeds, performed parts of the in vitro culture activities, monitored data collection, carried out parts of the data analysis and reviewed the manuscript; Emmanuel B., Performed parts of the in vitro culture activities, carried out laboratory maintenance and other laboratory technologist functions.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

    Kayode Ezekiel Ogunsola, Omena Bernard Ojuederie & Blessing Emmanuel

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  1. Kayode Ezekiel Ogunsola
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  2. Omena Bernard Ojuederie
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  3. Blessing Emmanuel
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Correspondence to Kayode Ezekiel Ogunsola.

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Ogunsola, K.E., Ojuederie, O.B. & Emmanuel, B. In vitro morphogenic responses of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) Harms) accessions to plant growth regulators. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 127, 613–622 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-016-1036-z

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