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Calf vein thrombosis outcomes comparing patients with and without cancer

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Abstract

Distal or calf deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are said to have low rates of propagation, embolization, and recurrence. The objective of this study was to determine outcomes among cancer patients with calf DVT compared to those without cancer. Consecutive patients with ultrasound confirmed acute calf DVT (3/1/2013–8/10/2019) were assessed for venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence and bleeding outcomes compared by cancer status. There were 830 patients with isolated calf DVT; 243 with cancer and 587 without cancer. Cancer patients were older (65.9 ± 11.4 vs. 62.0 ± 15.9 years; p = 0.006), with less frequent recent hospitalization (31.7% vs. 48.0%; p < 0.001), surgery (30.0% vs. 38.0%; p = 0.03), or trauma (3.7% vs. 19.9%; p < 0.001). The four most common cancers included hematologic malignancies (20.6%), lung (11.5%), gastrointestinal (10.3%), and ovarian/GYN (9.1%). Nearly half of patients had metastatic disease (43.8%) and 57% were receiving chemotherapy. VTE recurrence rates were similar for patients with (7.1%) and without cancer (4.0%; p = 0.105). Major bleeding (6.3% vs. 2.3%; p = 0.007) were greater for cancer patients while clinical relevant non major bleeding rates did not differ (7.1% vs. 4.6%; p = 0.159). In this retrospective analysis, cancer patients with calf DVT have similar rates of VTE recurrence but higher major bleeding outcomes compared to patients without cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gonda Vascular Center, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Ahmed K. Pasha, Wiktoria Kuczmik, Waldemar E. Wysokinski, Ana I. Casanegra, Damon Houghton, Danielle T. Vlazny, Abigail Mertzig, Yumiko Hirao-Try & Robert McBane II

  2. Cardiovascular Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Ahmed K. Pasha, Waldemar E. Wysokinski, Ana I. Casanegra, Damon Houghton, Danielle T. Vlazny, Abigail Mertzig, Yumiko Hirao-Try & Robert McBane II

  3. Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Launia White & David Hodge

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  1. Ahmed K. Pasha
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  2. Wiktoria Kuczmik
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  3. Waldemar E. Wysokinski
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  11. Robert McBane II
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Correspondence to Robert McBane II.

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Pasha, A.K., Kuczmik, W., Wysokinski, W.E. et al. Calf vein thrombosis outcomes comparing patients with and without cancer. J Thromb Thrombolysis 51, 1059–1066 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02390-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02390-x

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