Abstract
The structures and properties of dibenzo[b,d]thiophene (DBT) based alternating donor–acceptor conjugated oligomers, in which thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TP), thieno[3,4-b]thiadiazole (TD), and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TTP) as acceptors, and their periodic polymers were investigated by the density function theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The bond length, electron density at bond critical points (BCPs) and nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) are analyzed and correlated with the conductive properties. NICS shows that the conjugation degree is increased with main chain extension. Research results show the conductive ability of compounds with 1:2 D–A ratio is better than that with 1:1 D–A ratio. The reorganization energies and energy bands also are considered. The results suggest that (BTDDBT) n and (BTPDDBT) n have small reorganization energy (0.163 and 0.152 eV, respectively) and quite low energy gap (0.73 and 0.56 eV, respectively), which indicate that they may be potential organic conductive materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mullekom HAMv, Vekemans JAJM, Havinga EE, Meijer EW (2001) Mater Sci Eng R 32:1
Roncali J (1997) Chem Rev 97:173
Ajayaghosh A (2003) Chem Soc Rev 32:181
Shirakawa H, Louis EJ, MacDiarmid AG, Chiang CK, Heeger AJ (1977) J Chem Soc Chem Commun 16:578
Chiang CK, Park YW, Heeger AJ, Shirakawa H, Louis EJ, MacDiarmid AK (1977) Phys Rev Lett 39:1098
Thompson BC, Madrigal LG, Pinto MR, Kang T-S, Schanze KS, Reynolds JR (2005) J Polym Sci A 43:1417
Kulkarni AP, Zhu Y, Jenekhe SA (2005) Macromolecules 38:1553
Brédas JL, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1986) J Chem Phys 85:4673
Tachibana M, Tanaka S, Yamashita Y, Yoshizawa K (2002) J Phys Chem B 106:3549
Babel A, Jenekhe SA (2002) J Phys Chem B 106:6129
Katz HE, Bao Z (2000) J Phys Chem B 104:671
Wudl F, Kobayashi M, Heeger AJ (1984) J Org Chem 49:3382
Kobayashi M, Colaneri N, Boysel M, Wudl F, Heeger AJ (1985) J Chem Phys 82:5717
Colaneri N, Kobayashi M, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1986) Synth Met 14:45
Lowe JP, Kafafi SA (1984) J Am Chem Soc 106:5837
Soos ZG, Hayden GW (1989) Synth Met 28:D543
Ferraris JP, Lambert TM (1991) J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1268
Bredas JL, Chance RR, Baughman RH (1982) J Chem Phys 76:3673
Kertesz M, Hoffmann R (1983) Solid State Commun 47:97
Yamabe T, Tanaka K, Ohzeki K, Yata S (1982) Solid State Commun 44:823
Tanaka K, Ueda K, Koike T, Yamabe T (1984) Solid State Commun 51:943
Havinga EE, ten Hoeve W, Wynberg H (1992) Polym Bull 29:119
Havinga EE, ten Hoeve W, Wynberg H (1993) Synth Met 55:299
Pomfret SJ, Monkman AP, Havinga EE (1996) Synth Met 78:285
Memoto N, Kameshima H, Okano Y, Endo T (2003) J Polym Sci A 41:1521
Mikroyannidis JA, Spiliopoulos IK, Kulkarni AP, Jenekhe SA (2004) Synth Met 142:113
Li JY, Zhou XR, Zhao DF (2005) Chemistry 68:1
Morrison JJ, Murray MM, Li XC, Holmes AB, Morratti SC, Friend RH, Sirringhaus H (1999) Synth Met 102:987
Venanzi M, Bocchinfuso G, Palleschi A, Abreu AS, Ferreira PMT, Queiroz M-JRP (2005) J Photochem Photobiol A 170:181
Li XC, Sirringhaus H, Garnier F, Holmes AB, Moratti SC, Feede N, Cleggr W, Teat SJ, Friend RH (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:2206
Sirringhaus H, Friend RH, Wang C, Leuninger J, Mullen K (1999) J Mater Chem 9:2095
Sirringhaus H, Friend RH, Li XC, Moratti SC, Holmes AB, Feeder N (1997) Appl Phys Lett 71:3871
Parr RG, Yang W (1989) Density-functional theory of atoms and molecules. Oxford University Press, New York
Becke AD (1993) J Chem Phys 98:5648
Lee C, Yang W, Parr RG (1988) Phys Rev B 37:785
Schleyer PvR, Maerker C, Dransfeld A, Jiao H, Hommes NJRv (1996) J Am Chem Soc 118:6317
Schleyer PvR, Jiao H, Hommes NVE, Malkin VG, Malkina OL (1997) J Am Chem Soc 119:12669
Bader RFW (1990) Atoms in molecules: a quantum theory. International Series of Monographs on Chemistry, vol 22. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Pai CL, Liu CL, Chen WC, Jenekhe SA (2006) Polymer 47:699
Ishida M, Nakajima T, HondaY Kitao O, Nakai H, Klene M, Li X, Knox JE, Hratchian HP, Cross JB, Adamo C, Jaramillo J, Gomperts R, Stratmann RE, Yazyev O, Austin AJ, Cammi R, Pomelli C, Ochterski JW, Ayala PY, Morokuma K, Voth GA, Salvador P, Dannenberg JJ, Zakrzewski VG, Dapprich S, Daniels AD, Strain MC, Farkas O, Malick DK, Rabuck AD, Raghavachari K, Foresman JB, Ortiz JV, Cui Q, Baboul AG, Clifford S, Cioslowski J, Stefanov BB, Liu G, Liashenko A, Piskorz P, Komaromi I, Martin RL, Fox DJ, Keith T, Al-Laham MA, Peng CY, Nanayakkara A, Challacombe M, MW Gill P, Johnson B, Chen W, Wong MW, Gonzalez C, Pople JA (2003) Gaussian 03 Revision A1. Gaussian Inc, Pittsburgh
Fu Y, Shen W, Li MT (2008) Polymer 49:2614
Fu Y, Shen W, Li M (2008) Macromol Theory Simul 17:385
Chen Z, Wannere CS, Corminboeuf C, Puchta R, Schleyer PvR (2005) Chem Rev 105:3842
Shen W, Li M, He R, Zhang J, Lei W (2007) Polymer 48:3912
Brédas JL, Beljonne D, Coropceanu V, Cornil J (2004) Chem Rev 104:4971
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21073144), and by Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 200806350013), and by Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (Grant No. CSTC, 2009BB4104), and by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. XDJK2010B009).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, L., Shen, W., Xie, X. et al. Molecular designing and DFT investigation of novel alternating donor–acceptor dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-based systems: from monomer to polymer. Struct Chem 23, 97–106 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11224-011-9838-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11224-011-9838-4