Abstract
The manifestation of convection in deep layers of the Sun has been found in the dynamics of solar surface activity (Arkhypov, Antonov, and Khodachenko in Solar Phys. 270, 1, 2011). Some chromospheric phenomena could be connected with deep convection, too. We justify this hypothesis with sunspot, Ca ii, Hα, and millimeter-wave radio data. It is argued that large-scale (20 to 25 deg) bright regions in the chromosphere, surrounded by dark halos with diameters of 40° to 50°, can be manifestations of giant convection cells. The ascending and descending flows in such cells modulate the emergence of magnetic tubes generating the high-temperature regions and low-temperature halo in the chromosphere. Our estimates of the rotation rate of such features confirm their association with deep (≳ 35 Mm) layers of the solar convection zone.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Academic Exchange program of the Austrian Academy of Sciences for support of their collaboration visits. OVA and OVA thank the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine supporting this study. MLK thanks the Austrian Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (project No. P21197-N16). The authors are very grateful to the referee for valuable suggestions and inspiration for additional research.
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Arkhypov, O.V., Antonov, O.V. & Khodachenko, M.L. Deep Convection and the Solar Chromosphere. Sol Phys 278, 285–298 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-9935-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-9935-6