Abad, C., & Pruden, S. M. (2013). Do storybooks really break children's gender stereotypes? Frontiers in Psychology, 4(986), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00986.
Google Scholar
Alexander, G. M. (2003). An evolutionary perspective of sex-typed toy preferences: Pink, blue, and the brain. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32(1), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021833110722.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alexander, G. M., & Hines, M. (2002). Sex differences in response to children's toys in nonhuman primates. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23(6), 467–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00107-1.
Article
Google Scholar
Ashton, E. (1983). Measures of play behavior: The influence of sex-role stereotyped children’s books. Sex Roles, 9(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303108.
Article
Google Scholar
Aubry, S., Ruble, D. N., & Silverman, L. B. (1999). The role of gender knowledge in children's gender-typed preferences. In L. Balter, C. S. Tamis-LeMonda, L. Balter, & C. S. Tamis-LeMonda (Eds.), Child psychology: A handbook of contemporary issues (pp. 363–390). New York: Psychology Press.
Google Scholar
Auster, C. J., & Mansbach, C. S. (2012). The gender marketing of toys: An analysis of color and type of toy on the Disney store website. Sex Roles, 67(7–8), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0177-8.
Article
Google Scholar
Bakir, A. (2013). Character portrayal: Examining gender roles in television commercials targeted at children in India and the United States. Journal of Global Marketing, 26(2), 57–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/08911762.2013.804612.
Article
Google Scholar
Bakir, A., & Palan, K. M. (2013). Agentic and communal: Multinational analysis of gender portrayal in children's television commercials. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 34(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754708.
Article
Google Scholar
Bartini, M. (2006). Gender role flexibility in early adolescence: Developmental change in attitudes, self-perceptions, and behaviors. Sex Roles, 55(3–4), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-006-9076-1.
Article
Google Scholar
Bauer, P. J. (1993). Memory for gender-consistent and gender-inconsistent event sequences by twenty-five-month-old children. Child Development, 64(1), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131452.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bem, S. (1981). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Psychological Review, 88, 325–364.
Google Scholar
Bem, S. L. (1983). Gender schema theory and its implications for child development: Raising gender-aschematic children in a gender-schematic society. Signs, 8(4), 598–616.
Article
Google Scholar
Bigler, R. S. (1999). Psychological interventions designed to counter sexism in children: Empirical limitations and theoretical foundations. In W. B. Swann Jr. & J. H. Langlois (Eds.), Sexism and stereotypes in modern society: The gender science of Janet Taylor Spence (pp. 129–151). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10277-006.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Bigler, R. S., & Liben, L. S. (1990). The role of attitudes and interventions in gender-schematic processing. Child Development, 61(5), 1440–1452. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130754.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blakemore, J. O. (2003). Children's beliefs about violating gender norms: Boys shouldn't look like girls, and girls shouldn't act like boys. Sex Roles, 48(9–10), 411–419. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023574427720.
Article
Google Scholar
Blakemore, J. O., & Centers, R. E. (2005). Characteristics of boys’ and girls’ toys. Sex Roles, 53(9–10), 619–633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-7729-0.
Article
Google Scholar
Blakemore, J. O., Berenbaum, S. A., & Liben, L. S. (2009). Gender development. New York: Psychology Press.
Google Scholar
Boyd, H., & Murnen, S. K. (2017). Thin and sexy vs. muscular and dominant: Prevalence of gendered body ideals in popular dolls and action figures. Body Image, 21, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.03.003.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bradbard, M. R., & Endsley, R. C. (1983). The effects of sex-typed labeling on preschool children's information-seeking and retention. Sex Roles, 9(2), 247–260.
Article
Google Scholar
Buhs, E. S., Ladd, G. W., & Herald, S. L. (2006). Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children's classroom engagement and achievement? Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.1.
Article
Google Scholar
Bussey, K., & Bandura, A. (1999). Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation. Psychological Review, 106(4), 676–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.676.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bussey, K., & Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory of gender development and functioning. In A. H. Eagly, A. E. Beall, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of gender (pp. 92–119). New York: Guilford Press.
Google Scholar
Bussey, K., & Perry, D. G. (1982). Same-sex imitation: The avoidance of cross-sex models or the acceptance of same-sex models? Sex Roles, 8(7), 773–784.
Article
Google Scholar
Cahill, B., & Adams, E. (1997). An exploratory study of early childhood teachers’ attitudes toward gender roles. Sex Roles, 36(7–8), 517–529. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02766688.
Article
Google Scholar
Caldera, Y., Huston, A., & O'Brien, M. (1989). Social interactions and play patterns of parents and toddlers with feminine, masculine, and neutral toys. Child Development, 60(1), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131072.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Campbell, A., Shirley, L., & Caygill, L. (2002). Sex-typed preferences in three domains: Do two-year-olds need cognitive variables? British Journal of Psychology, 93(2), 203–217. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712602162544.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cherney, I. D., & London, K. (2006). Gender-linked differences in the toys, television shows, computer games, and outdoor activities of 5-to 13-year-old children. Sex Roles, 54(9–10), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-006-9037-8.
Article
Google Scholar
Cimpian, A., Mu, Y., & Erickson, L. C. (2012). Who is good at this game? Linking an activity to a social category undermines children’s achievement. Psychological Science, 23(5), 533–541. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611429803.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Collins, R. L. (2011). Content analysis of gender roles in media: Where are we now and where should we go? Sex Roles, 64(3–4), 290–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-010-9929-5.
Article
Google Scholar
Coyne, S. M., Linder, J. R., Rasmussen, E. E., Nelson, D. A., & Collier, K. M. (2014). It’s a bird! It’s a plane! It’s a gender stereotype!: Longitudinal associations between superhero viewing and gender stereotyped play. Sex Roles, 70(9–10), 416–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0374-8.
Article
Google Scholar
Coyne, S. M., Linder, J. R., Rasmussen, E. E., Nelson, D. A., & Birkbeck, V. (2016). Pretty as a princess: Longitudinal effects of engagement with Disney princesses on gender stereotypes, body esteem, and prosocial behavior in children. Child Development, 87(6), 1909–1925. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12569.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
De Lisi, R., & Wolford, J. L. (2002). Improving children's mental rotation accuracy with computer game playing. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 163(3), 272–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221320209598683.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dinella, L. M. (2017). Halloween costume choices: Reflections of gender development in early childhood. The Journal of Genetic Psychology: Research and Theory on Human Development, 178(3), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2017.1295223.
Article
Google Scholar
Dittmar, H., Halliwell, E., & Ive, S. (2006). Does Barbie make girls want to be thin? The effect of experimental exposure to images of dolls on the body image of 5-to 8-year-old girls. Developmental Psychology, 42(2), 283–292. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.283.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fabes, R. A., Martin, C. L., & Hanish, L. D. (2003). Young children's play qualities in same-, other-, and mixed-sex peer groups. Child Development, 74(3), 921–932. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00576.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Foster, M. C. (2016). Representations of gender and embodiment in children's picture books. (Doctoral thesis, University of Toronto, Canada). Retrieved from PsycINFO database. (2016-17338-234).
Geary, D. C., & Bjorklund, D. F. (2000). Evolutionary developmental psychology. Child Development, 71(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00118.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gerbner, G. (1998). Cultivation analysis: An overview. Mass Communication and Society, 1(3–4), 175–194.
Article
Google Scholar
Gould, M. (2008, October 3). Girls choosing camera lenses over microscopes. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/oct/03/science.choosingadegree.
Government Equalities Office, UK. (2016). UK gender pay gap. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-gender-pay-gap.
Green, V. A., Bigler, R., & Catherwood, D. (2004). The variability and flexibility of gender-typed toy play: A close look at children's behavioral responses to counter-stereotypic models. Sex Roles, 51(7–8), 371–386. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000049227.05170.aa.
Article
Google Scholar
Halim, M. L., Ruble, D., Tamis-LeMonda, C., & Shrout, P. E. (2013). Rigidity in gender-typed behaviors in early childhood: A longitudinal study of ethnic minority children. Child Development, 84(4), 1269–1284. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12057.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Halim, M. L., Ruble, D. N., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Zosuls, K. M., Lurye, L. E., & Greulich, F. K. (2014). Pink frilly dresses and the avoidance of all things ‘girly’: Children’s appearance rigidity and cognitive theories of gender development. Developmental Psychology, 50(4), 1091–1101. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034906.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Google Scholar
Horn, S. S. (2008). The multifaceted nature of sexual prejudice: How adolescents reason about sexual orientation and sexual prejudice. In S. R. Levy, M. Killen, S. R. Levy, & M. Killen (Eds.), Intergroup attitudes and relations in childhood through adulthood (pp. 173–188). New York: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar
Howell, D. C. (1992). Statistical methods for psychology (3rd ed.). Boston: Duxbury Press.
Google Scholar
Hunt, B. (2004, October 28). Surge in number of female-led enterprises. Financial Times (UK edition). Retrieved from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/64efe4f4-287e-11d9-9308-00000e2511c8.html?ft_site=falcon&desktop=true#axzz4fZABtGoz.
Huston, A. C. (1983). Sex-typing. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Socialization, personality, and social development (Vol. 4, pp. 388–467). New York: Wiley.
Google Scholar
Jirout, J. J., & Newcombe, N. S. (2015). Building blocks for developing spatial skills: Evidence from a large, representative U.S. sample. Psychological Science, 26(3), 302–310. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614563338.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kahlenberg, S. G., & Hein, M. M. (2010). Progression on nickelodeon? Gender-role stereotypes in toy commercials. Sex Roles, 62(11–12), 830–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-009-9653-1.
Article
Google Scholar
Karniol, R., & Gal-Disegni, M. (2009). The impact of gender-fair versus gender-stereotyped basal readers on 1st-grade children's gender stereotypes: A natural experiment. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 23(4), 411–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568540909594670.
Article
Google Scholar
Katz, P. A., & Ksansnak, K. R. (1994). Developmental aspects of gender role flexibility and traditionality in middle childhood and adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 30(2), 272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.30.2.272.
Article
Google Scholar
Killen, M., & Stangor, C. (2001). Children's social reasoning about inclusion and exclusion in gender and race peer group contexts. Child Development, 72(1), 174–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00272.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kornienko, O., Santos, C. E., Martin, C. L., & Granger, K. L. (2016). Peer influence on gender identity development in adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 52(10), 1578–1592. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000200.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leaper, C. (1994). Exploring the consequences of gender segregation on social relationships. In C. Leaper & C. Leaper (Eds.), Childhood gender segregation: Causes and consequences (pp. 67–86). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Google Scholar
Leaper, C., Breed, L., Hoffman, L., & Perlman, C. A. (2002). Variations in the gender-stereotyped content of children's television cartoons across genres. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(8), 1653–1662. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02767.x.
Article
Google Scholar
Li, R. H., & Wong, W. I. (2016). Gender-typed play and social abilities in boys and girls: Are they related? Sex Roles, 74(9–10), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0580-7.
Article
Google Scholar
Liben, L. S., & Signorella, M. L. (1980). Gender-related schemata and constructive memory in children. Child Development, 51(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129584.
Article
Google Scholar
Liben, L. S., Bigler, R. S., & Krogh, H. R. (2002). Language at work: Children's gendered interpretations of occupational titles. Child Development, 73(3), 810–828. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00440.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
LoBue, V., & DeLoache, J. S. (2011). Pretty in pink: The early development of gender-stereotyped colour preferences. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 29(3), 656–667. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835X.2011.02027.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Maccoby, E. E. (2002). Gender and group process: A developmental perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11(2), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00167.
Article
Google Scholar
Maccoby, E. E., & Jacklin, C. N. (1987). Gender segregation in childhood. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 20, 239–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2407(08)60404-8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martin, C. L., & Fabes, R. A. (2001). The stability and consequences of young children’s same-sex peer interactions. Developmental Psychology, 37(3), 431–446. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.3.431.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martin, C. L., & Halverson, C. F. (1983). The effects of sex-typing schemas on young children’s memory. Child Development, 54(3), 563–574. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130043.
Article
Google Scholar
Martin, C. L., & Ruble, D. (2004). Children's search for gender cues: Cognitive perspectives on gender development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(2), 67–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00276.x.
Article
Google Scholar
Martin, C. L., Fabes, R. A., Hanish, L., Leonard, S., & Dinella, L. M. (2011). Experienced and expected similarity to same-gender peers: Moving toward a comprehensive model of gender segregation. Sex Roles, 65(5–6), 421–434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-0029-y.
Article
Google Scholar
Merskin, D. (2002). Boys will be boys: A content analysis of gender and race in children's advertisements on the Turner Cartoon Network. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 24(1), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2002.10505127.
Article
Google Scholar
Miller, M. K., & Summers, A. (2007). Gender differences in video game characters’ roles, appearances, and attire as portrayed in video game magazines. Sex Roles, 57(9–10), 733–742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9307-0.
Article
Google Scholar
Miller, C. F., Trautner, H. M., & Ruble, D. N. (2006). The role of gender stereotypes in children’s preferences and behavior. In L. Balter & C. S. Tamis-LeMonda (Eds.), Child psychology: A handbook of contemporary issues (pp. 293–323). New York: Psychology Press.
Google Scholar
Mulvey, K. L., & Killen, M. (2015). Challenging gender stereotypes: Resistance and exclusion. Child Development, 86(3), 681–694. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12317.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Murnen, S. K., Greenfield, C., Younger, A., & Boyd, H. (2016). Boys act and girls appear: A content analysis of gender stereotypes associated with characters in children’s popular culture. Sex Roles, 74(1–2), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-015-0558-x.
Article
Google Scholar
Nelson, A. (2005). Children’s toy collections in Sweden—A less gender-typed country? Sex Roles, 52(1–2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-1196-5.
Article
Google Scholar
Nhundu, T. J. (2007). Mitigating gender-typed occupational preferences of Zimbabwean primary school children: The use of biographical sketches and portrayals of female role models. Sex Roles, 56(9–10), 639–649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9204-6.
Article
Google Scholar
Pasterski, V., Geffner, M. E., Brain, C., Hindmarsh, P., Brook, C., & Hines, M. (2011). Prenatal hormones and childhood sex segregation: Playmate and play style preferences in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hormones and Behavior, 59(4), 549–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.02.007.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Perry, D. G., & Bussey, K. (1979). The social learning theory of sex differences: Imitation is alive and well. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(10), 1699–1712. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.37.10.1699.
Article
Google Scholar
Pike, J. J., & Jennings, N. A. (2005). The effects of commercials on children's perceptions of gender appropriate toy use. Sex Roles, 52(1–2), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-1195-6.
Article
Google Scholar
Pingree, S. (1978). The effects of nonsexist television commercials and perceptions of reality on children's attitudes about women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2(3), 262–277.
Article
Google Scholar
Plakoyiannaki, E., & Zotos, Y. (2009). Female role stereotypes in print advertising: Identifying associations with magazine and product categories. European Journal of Marketing, 43(11–12), 1411–1434. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560910989966.
Article
Google Scholar
Rich, E. (2005). Young women, feminist identities and neoliberalism. Women’s Studies International Forum, 28, 495–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2005.09.006.
Article
Google Scholar
Ruble, D. N., & Martin, C. L. (1998). Gender development. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 933–1016). New York: Wiley.
Google Scholar
Ruble, D. N., Martin, C. L., & Berenbaum, S. (2006). Gender development. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Personality and social development (Vol. 3, 6th ed., pp. 858–932). New York: Wiley.
Schuette, C. T., Ponton, M. K., & Charlton, M. L. (2012). Middle school children's career aspirations: Relationship to adult occupations and gender. The Career Development Quarterly, 60(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2012.00004.x.
Article
Google Scholar
Scott, K. P., & Feldman-Summers, S. (1979). Children's reactions to textbook stories in which females are portrayed in traditionally male roles. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(3), 396–402. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.3.396.
Article
Google Scholar
Serbin, L. A., & Sprafkin, C. (1986). The salience of gender and the process of sex typing in three- to seven-years old children. Child Development, 57(5), 1188–1199. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130442.
Article
Google Scholar
Serbin, L. A., Moller, L. C., Gulko, J., Powlishta, K. K., & Colboume, K. A. (1994). The emergence of gender segregation in toddler playgroups. In C. Leaper (Ed.), Childhood gender segregation: Causes and consequences (pp. 7–18). San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
Google Scholar
Sheldon, J. P. (2004). Gender stereotypes in educational software for young children. Sex Roles, 51(7–8), 433–444. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000049232.90715.d9.
Article
Google Scholar
Shell, R., & Eisenberg, N. (1990). The role of peers’ gender in children's naturally occurring interest in toys. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 13(3), 373–388. https://doi.org/10.1177/016502549001300309.
Article
Google Scholar
Sherman, A. M., & Zurbriggen, E. L. (2014). “Boys can be anything”: Effect of Barbie play on girls’ career cognitions. Sex Roles, 70(5–6), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0347-y.
Article
Google Scholar
Shutts, K., Banaji, M. R., & Spelke, E. S. (2010). Social categories guide young children’s preferences for novel objects. Developmental Science, 13(4), 599–610. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00913.x.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Signorella, M. L., & Liben, L. S. (1984). Recall and reconstruction of gender-related pictures: Effects of attitude, task difficulty, and age. Child Development, 55(2), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129951.
Article
Google Scholar
Signorella, M. L., Bigler, R. S., & Liben, L. S. (1993). Developmental differences in children’s gender schemata about others: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Review, 13(2), 147–183. https://doi.org/10.1006/drev.1993.1007.
Article
Google Scholar
Signorielli, N. (2001). Television’s gender role images and contribution to stereotyping: Past, present, future. In D. Singer & J. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of children and the media (pp. 341–358). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Google Scholar
Skinner, C. (2013). Gender and language in best-selling children's picture books: Who gets to speak? (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from PsychINFO database. (2013-99240-205).
Slaby, R. G., & Frey, K. S. (1975). Development of gender constancy and selective attention to same-sex models. Child Development, 46(4), 849–856. https://doi.org/10.2307/1128389.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spinner, L., Cameron, L., & Tenenbaum, H. (2016). Gender-stereotyped messages in pre-school children's magazines. Presentation, University of Kent.
Statista. (2016a). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/321625/children-s-magazines-ranked-by-sales-volume-uk-2013/.
Statista. (2016b). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/398258/children-use-of-books-magazines-and-comics-by-age-uk/.
Steyer, I. (2014). Gender representations in children's media and their influence. Campus-Wide Information Systems, 31(2/3), 171–280. https://doi.org/10.1108/CWIS-11-2013-0065.
Article
Google Scholar
Thompson, T. L., & Zerbinos, E. (1995). Gender roles in animated cartoons: Has the picture changed in 20 years? Sex Roles, 32(9–10), 651–673. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01544217.
Article
Google Scholar
Trautner, H. M. (1992). The development of sex-typing in children: A longitudinal analysis. German Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 183–199.
Google Scholar
Trautner, H. M., Ruble, D. N., Cyphers, L., Kirsten, B., Behrendt, R., & Hartmann, P. (2005). Rigidity and flexibility of gender stereotypes in childhood: Developmental or differential? Infant and Child Development, 14(4), 365–381. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.399.
Article
Google Scholar
Weisgram, E. S., Fulcher, M., & Dinella, L. M. (2014). Pink gives girls permission: Exploring the roles of explicit gender labels and gender-typed colors on preschool children's toy preferences. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35(5), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2014.06.004.
Article
Google Scholar
Wong, W. I., & Hines, M. (2015). Effects of gender color-coding on toddlers’ gender-typical toy play. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(5), 1233–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0400-5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wood, E., Desmarais, S., & Gugula, S. (2002). The impact of parenting experience on gender stereotyped toy play of children. Sex Roles, 47(1–2), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020679619728.
Article
Google Scholar
Zosuls, K. M., Ruble, D. N., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Shrout, P. E., Bornstein, M. H., & Greulich, F. K. (2009). The acquisition of gender labels in infancy: Implications for gender-typed play. Developmental Psychology, 45(3), 688–701. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014053.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zurbriggen, E. L., & Roberts, T.-A. (Eds.). (2013). The sexualization of girls and girlhood: Causes, consequences, and resistance. New York: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar