The phase composition, plastic deformation and fracture micromechanisms of Fe–(25–26)Cr–(5–12)Mn–0.15C–0.55N (wt.%) high-nitrogen chromium-manganese steel, manufactured by electron-beam 3D-printing (additive manufacturing) and subjected to heat treatment (at a temperature of 1150°C followed by quenching), are studied. In order to identify the effect of the electron-beam 3D-printing process on the phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of high-nitrogen steel, the data obtained are compared with those for Fe–21Cr–22Mn–0.15C–0.53N austenitic steel (wt.%) formed by traditional methods (casting and heat treatment) and used as a material for additive manufacturing. It is experimentally observed that in the specimens formed by additive manufacturing, the depletion of the steel composition in manganese during the electron-beam 3D-printing and post-built heat treatment contributes to the formation of a macro- and microscopically inhomogeneous two-phase structure. The steel specimens contain irregularly shaped macroscopic regions with large ferrite grains or with a two-phase austenite-ferrite structure (microscopic inhomogeneity). Despite the change in the concentration of the basic elements (chromium and manganese) in additive manufacturing, there remains a high concentration of interstitial atoms (nitrogen and carbon). This contributes to a macroscopically heterogeneous distribution of interstitial atoms in the specimens – the formation of a supersaturated interstitial solid solution in the austenitic regions due to the low solubility of nitrogen and carbon in the ferrite regions. This inhomogeneous heterophase (ferrite-austenite) structure exhibits high strength properties, good ductility and work hardening, which are close to those of the specimens of the initial high-nitrogen austenitic steel used as the raw material for additive manufacturing.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 10–17, July, 2021.
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Astafurova, E.G., Reunova, K.A., Astafurov, S.V. et al. The Effect of Phase Transformations During Electrom-Beam 3D-Printing and Post-Built Heat Treatment on Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Additively Manufactured High Nitrogen Cr–Mn Steel. Russ Phys J 64, 1183–1190 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-021-02442-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-021-02442-y